Wednesday, April 29, 2009

What's new for 'Trypanosomatids' in PubMed

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Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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PubMed Results
Items 1 -8 of 8

1: Microbes Infect. 2009 Apr;11(4):484-92.

Population genetics of Leishmania infantum in Israel and the Palestinian Authority through microsatellite analysis.

Amro A, Schönian G, Al-Sharabati MB, Azmi K, Nasereddin A, Abdeen Z, Schnur LF, Baneth G, Jaffe CL, Kuhls K.

Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) was used to investigate the genetic variation among 44 Israeli and Palestinian strains of L. infantum isolated from infected dogs and human cases to determine their population structure and to compare them with strains isolated from different European countries. Most of the Israeli and Palestinian strains had their own individual MLMT profiles; a few shared the same profile. A Bayesian model-based approach and phylogenetic reconstructions based on genetic distances inferred two main populations that were significantly different from the European strains: population A, containing 16 strains from places in the West Bank and 11 strains from central Israel;and population B, containing 7 strains from northern Israel, 9 from central Israel, and one Palestinian strain from the Jenin District.Geographically distributed sub-populations were detected within population B. These results demonstrate similar disease dynamics in Israel and the Palestinian Authority. The re-emergence of VL in the case of population A is more likely owing to increased dog and human contact with sylvatic cycles of parasitic infection rather than to recent introduction from the older foci of northern Israel. The latter scenario could be true for population B found in few foci of Central Israel. (c) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

PMID: 19399967 [PubMed - in process]

2: Microbes Infect. 2009 Feb 11. [Epub ahead of print]Click here to read

Population genetics of Leishmania infantum in Israel and the Palestinian Authority through microsatellite analysis.

Amro A, Schonian G, Al-Sharabati MB, Azmi K, Nasereddin A, Abdeen Z, Schnur LF, Baneth G, Jaffe CL, Kuhls K.

Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Al-Quds Nutrition and Health Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Abu-Deis, The Palestinian Authority.

Multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) was used to investigate the genetic variation among 44 Israeli and Palestinian strains of L. infantum isolated from infected dogs and human cases to determine their population structure and to compare them with strains isolated from different European countries. Most of the Israeli and Palestinian strains had their own individual MLMT profiles; a few shared the same profile. A Bayesian model-based approach and phylogenetic reconstructions based on genetic distances inferred two main populations that were significantly different from the European strains: population A, containing 16 strains from places in the West Bank and 11 strains from central Israel; and population B, containing 7 strains from northern Israel, 9 from central Israel, and one Palestinian strain from the Jenin District. Geographically distributed sub-populations were detected within population B. These results demonstrate similar disease dynamics in Israel and the Palestinian Authority. The re-emergence of VL in the case of population A is more likely owing to increased dog and human contact with sylvatic cycles of parasitic infection rather than to recent introduction from the older foci of northern Israel. The latter scenario could be true for population B found in few foci of Central Israel.

PMID: 19397872 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

3: Ann Hum Genet. 2009 Mar 27. [Epub ahead of print]Click here to read

Genetic Admixture in Brazilians Exposed to Infection with Leishmania chagasi.

Ettinger NA, Duggal P, Braz RF, Nascimento ET, Beaty TH, Jeronimo SM, Pearson RD, Blackwell JM, Moreno L, Wilson ME.

Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, IA 52242.

Summary Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in northeast Brazil is a disease caused by infection with the protozoan Leishmania chagasi. Infection leads to variable clinical outcomes ranging from asymptomatic infection to potentially fatal disease. Prior studies suggest the genetic background of the host contributes to the development of different outcomes after infection, although it is not known if ancestral background itself influences outcomes. VL is endemic in peri-urban areas around the city of Natal in northeast Brazil. The population of northeast Brazil is a mixture of distinct racial and ethnic groups. We hypothesized that some sub-populations may be more susceptible than others to develop different clinical outcomes after L. chagasi infection. Using microsatellite markers, we examined whether admixture of the population as a whole, or markers likely inherited from a distinct ethnic background, differed between individuals with VL, individuals with an asymptomatic infection, or individuals with no infection. There was no apparent significant difference in overall population admixture proportions among the three clinical phenotype groups. However, one marker on Chr. 22 displayed evidence of excess ancestry from putative ancestral populations among different clinical phenotypes, suggesting this region may contain genes determining the course of L. chagasi infection.

PMID: 19397557 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

4: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Mar 20;380(4):850-5. Epub 2009 Feb 5.Click here to read LinkOut

The FIP-1 like polyadenylation factor in trypanosomes and the structural basis for its interaction with CPSF30.

Bercovich N, Levin MJ, Vazquez MP.

INGEBI-CONICET, Vta. de Obligado 2490, 2P, CP 1428, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina.

In trypanosomes transcription is polycistronic and individual mRNAs are generated by a trans-splicing/polyadenylation coupled reaction. We identified a divergent trypanosome FIP1-like, a factor required for mRNA 3' end formation from yeasts to human. Here we showed that it is a nuclear protein with a speckled distribution essential for trypanosome viability. A strong interaction was found between TcFIP1-like and TcCPSF30, a component of the polyadenylation complex. We determined the specific amino acids in each protein involved in the interaction. Significant differences were found between the trypanosome interaction surface and its human counterpart. Although CPSF30/FIP1 interaction is known in other organisms, this is the first report mapping the interaction surface at the amino acid level.

PMID: 19338765 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

5: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2008 Sep;103(6):622-6.Click here to read LinkOut

Trypanosomatid EST: a neglected information resource regarding flagellated protozoa?

Brandão A.

Laboratório de Epidemiologia Molecular de Doenças Infecciosas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. abrandao@fiocruz.br

PMID: 18949338 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

6: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2008 Sep;103(6):619-21.Click here to read LinkOut

Ecological control of Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811): five years after a Costa Rican pilot project.

Zeledó R, Rojas JC, Urbina A, Cordero M, Gamboa SH, Lorosa ES, Alfaro S.

Laboratorio de Zoonosis, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de Salud, Universidad Nacional, Campus Benjamín Nuñes, Heredia, Costa Rica. rodrigozeledon@ice.co.cr

An ecological pilot project for the control of Triatoma dimidiata allowed a new evaluation four and five years after environmental modifications in the peridomestic areas of 20 households. It was verified that the two groups of houses, 10 case-houses and 10 control-houses, were free of insects after those periods of time. In the first group, the owners started a chicken coop in the backyard and a colony of bugs was found there without infesting the house. In the second group, the inhabitants of one house once again facilitated the conditions for the bugs to thrive in the same store room, reaffirming that man-made ecotopes facilitates colonization. This ecological control method was revealed to be reliable and sustainable and it is recommended to be applied to those situations where the vectors of Chagas disease can colonize houses and are frequent in wild ecotopes.

PMID: 18949337 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

7: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2008 Sep;103(6):598-601.Click here to read LinkOut

Trypanosoma cruzi: a stage-specific calpain-like protein is induced after various kinds of stress.

Giese V, Dallagiovanna B, Marchini FK, Pavoni DP, Krieger MA, Goldenberg S.

Instituto Carlos Chagas-Fiocruz, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.

Calpains are calcium-dependent cysteine proteinases found in all living organisms and are involved in diverse cellular processes. Calpain-like proteins have been reported after in silico analysis of the Tritryps genome and are believed to play important roles in cell functions of trypanosomatids. We describe the characterization of a member of this family, which is differentially expressed during the life-cycle of Trypanosoma cruzi.

PMID: 18949332 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

8: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2008 Sep;103(6):528-34.Click here to read LinkOut

Trypanosoma cruzi: blood parasitism kinetics and their correlation with heart parasitism intensity during long-term infection of Beagle dogs.

Veloso VM, Guedes PM, Andrade IM, Caldas IS, Martins HR, Carneiro CM, Machado-Coelho GL, de Lana M, Galvão LM, Bahia MT, Chiari E.

Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Campus Universitário, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil. vanjamv@iceb.ufop.br

The goals of the present study were to evaluate the kinetics of blood parasitism by examination of fresh blood, blood culture (BC) and PCR assays and their correlation with heart parasitism during two years of infection in Beagle dogs inoculated with the Be-78, Y and ABC Trypanosoma cruzi strains. Our results showed that the parasite or its kDNA is easily detected during the acute phase in all infected animals. On the other hand, a reduced number of positive tests were verified during the chronic phase of the infection. The frequency of positive tests was correlated with T. cruzi strain. The percentage of positive BC and blood PCR performed in samples from animals inoculated with Be-78 and ABC strains were similar and significantly larger in relation to animals infected with the Y strain.Comparison of the positivity of PCR tests performed using blood and heart tissue samples obtained two years after infection showed two different patterns associated with the inoculated T. cruzi strain: (1) high PCR positivity for both blood and tissue was observed in animals infected with Be-78 or ABC strains; (2) lower and higher PCR positivity for the blood and tissue, respectively, was detected in animals infected with Y strains. These data suggest that the sensitivity of BC and blood PCR was T. cruzi strain dependent and, in contrast, the heart tissue PCR revealed higher sensitivity regardless of the parasite stock.

PMID: 18949320 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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