Tuesday, May 19, 2009

What's new for 'Trypanosomatids' in PubMed

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Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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PubMed Results
Items 1 -10 of 16

1: Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Mar-Apr;42(2):219-21.Click here to read

[Bacterial infection in cutaneous leishmaniasis: bacterial pattern and sensitivity to antibiotics.]

[Article in Portuguese]

Gonçalves Eda G, Reis Filho SA, Oliveira EG, Pareira AL, Silva AR, Costa JM.

Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Referência em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA.

The bacterial flora from leishmanial ulcers was studied. The aerobic species Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found most frequently. Evaluation of the sensitivity of these species to antibiotics showed that 100% of these isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were sensitive to vancomycin, amikacin and chloramphenicol, while 100% of the isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were sensitive to amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin. These species were generally resistant to penicillins and tetracycline.

PMID: 19448948 [PubMed - in process]

2: Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Mar-Apr;42(2):160-4.Click here to read

[Effects of the installation of the Rosal hydroelectric power station, Itabapoana River, States of Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro, on anophelinae, planorbidae and phlebotominae.]

[Article in Portuguese]

Rezende HR, Sessa PA, Ferreira AL, Santos CB, Leite GR, Falqueto A.

Núcleo de Entomologia, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES.

The construction of dams usually changes the composition of the fauna within their areas of influence. In the area where the Rosal hydroelectric power station has been installed, in the States of Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro, changes to the abundance of anophelinae, planorbidae and phlebotominae were evaluated before (1998-2000) and after (2000-2005) the damming. Nine sample collection points were defined, each represented by a home and its outbuildings, shelters for domestic animals and water collection points within a radius of 150m. One hundred and three adult anophelinae were collected before the damming and 313 afterwards; 200 immature anophelinae before and 708 afterwards; 868 planorbidae before and 486 afterwards; and 2,979 phlebotominae before and 912 afterwards. The vector record, consisting of anophelinae, planorbidae and phlebotominae, shows the potential of this area for transmission of malaria, schistosomiasis and American cutaneous leishmaniasis. However, the environmental changes did not increase the risk of the occurrence of these diseases.

PMID: 19448934 [PubMed - in process]

3: Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Mar-Apr;42(2):156-9.Click here to read

[Seroepidemiological survey of canine leishmaniasis in endemic areas of Cuiabá, State of Mato Grosso.]

[Article in Portuguese]

Almeida Ado B, Faria RP, Pimentel MF, Dahroug MA, Turbino NC, Sousa VR.

Departamento de Clínica Médica Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT.

Leishmaniases are zoonoses that are undergoing expansion in Brazil. Dogs are of importance regarding transmission and dispersion of the disease, especially in areas presenting visceral leishmaniasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of leishmaniasis among domestic dogs in the urban area of Cuiabá. For this investigation, four districts of Cuiabá were selected, one in each administrative region. The dog sampling was defined statistically, taking the prevalence to be 8.4%. Among the 468 dogs examined, 16 presented an indirect immunofluorescence reaction, thus resulting in an overall prevalence of 3.4%. There was no predisposition towards canine leishmaniasis occurrences in relation to breed, sex or age. The main risk factors for occurrences of canine infection identified in the city of Cuiabá were the presence of dogs living in areas surrounding homes and the proximity of homes to forests. Thus, there have been changes in leishmaniasis occurrences within the urban environment.

PMID: 19448933 [PubMed - in process]

4: Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Mar-Apr;42(2):151-5.Click here to read

[Spatial and/or olfactory memory in sandflies in an endemic area for American cutaneous leishmaniasis, southern Brazil.]

[Article in Portuguese]

Freitas JS, Reinhold-Castro KR, Casanova C, Silva JP, Previdelli I, Teodoro U.

Programa de Pós-graduação em Análises Clínicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR.

The results from an investigation on the possibility that sandflies in an endemic area for American cutaneous leishmaniasis, in the state of Paraná, may have memory are reported. Sandflies were caught in Recanto Marista, Doutor Camargo, State of Paraná, Brazil, using Falcão traps in two chicken sheds (G1 and G2), between November 15 and 26, 2007. A total of 2,080 sandflies were caught (1,000 in G1 and 1,080 in G2) and these were marked and released. Nyssomyia neivai was the most (90.5%) frequent species. Out of the total released, 168 sandflies (8%) were recaptured and the recapture rate in G2 was significant. The results show that it is possible that spatial or olfactory memory and/or host loyalty exists, and that this will guide the sandflies in recognizing the places where sources of blood are available.

PMID: 19448932 [PubMed - in process]

5: Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Mar-Apr;42(2):146-50.Click here to read

[Sandflies in an areas with occurrences of human cases of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in the municipality of Seropédica, State of Rio de Janeiro.]

[Article in Portuguese]

Cardoso PG, Souza MB, Sanavria A, Meira Ade M, Meródio JC.

Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ.

American cutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, which affects the skin and mucosa. It is primarily a zoonotic infection. Sandfly surveys were conducted in four areas with occurrences of human cases of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in the municipality of Seropédica. A manual method was used to catch specimens between 6:00 pm and 10:00 pm, for 12 consecutive months. From October 2004 to September 2005, we caught 2,390 individuals belonging to four species: Lutzomyia intermedia accounted for 97.1% of the total collected, followed by Lutzomyia whitmani (1.6%), Lutzomyia migonei (1.2%) and Lutzomyia oswaldoi (0.1%). The Valão das Louças had the highest density of sandflies, followed by the localities of Km 39, Km 40 and Caçador. The low diversity of species is due to significant changes in the ecotope of the region. It is suggested that American cutaneous leishmaniasis is being transmitted by Lutzomyia intermedia in the municipality of Seropédica.

PMID: 19448931 [PubMed - in process]

6: Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Mar-Apr;42(2):141-5.Click here to read

[Serological evaluation for detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies in dogs and cats in the district of Santa Rita de Cássia, municipality of Barra Mansa, State of Rio de Janeiro.]

[Article in Portuguese]

Figueiredo FB, Bonna IC, Nascimento LD, Costa T, Baptista C, Pacheco TM, Amendoeira MR, Madeira Mde F.

Laboratório de Pesquisa, Clínica em Dermatozoonoses em animais domésticos, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ.

From a canine case of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the locality of Santa Rita de Cássia, municipality of Barra Mansa, Rio de Janeiro, a serological survey was performed on 177 dogs and 43 cats. Evaluation of the canine serum samples showed that 10% had a positive reaction in the indirect immunofluorescence test and 10.7% in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Among the feline serum samples tested, none of the animals had a positive reaction in the indirect immunofluorescence test and only one (2.4%) showed a positive reaction in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The detection of an autochthonous case of Leishmania braziliensis in Barra Mansa gives warning that a focus of american cutaneous leishmaniasis is possibly becoming established in this region.

PMID: 19448930 [PubMed - in process]

7: Nat Immunol. 2009 Jun;10(6):665.Click here to read

Corrigendum: Cholesterol depletion associated with Leishmania major infection alters macrophage CD40 signalosome composition and effector function.

Rub A, Dey R, Jadhav M, Kamat R, Chakkaramakkil S, Majumdar S, Mukhopadhyaya R, Saha B.

PMID: 19448661 [PubMed - in process]

8: Int J Infect Dis. 2009 May 15. [Epub ahead of print]

Atypical disseminated leishmaniasis similar to post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in a Brazilian AIDS patient infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi: a case report.

Jr DC, Konishi CT, Petri V, Martinez IC, Shimizu L, Pereira-Chioccola VL.

Centro de Referência em DST/AIDS de Santo Amaro, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

We report the case of an atypical disseminated leishmaniasis with similar clinical characteristics to post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis, an uncommon disease in South America. This occurred in a Brazilian patient with AIDS, 3 years after the first episode of American visceral leishmaniasis.

PMID: 19447660 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

9: Ann Pharm Fr. 2009 May;67(3):203-12. Epub 2009 Mar 27.Click here to read

[Vaccines for the future.]

[Article in French]

Girard MP.

Académie nationale de médecine, université Paris-7 Denis-Diderot, 39, rue Seignemartin, 69008 Lyon, France.

The field of vaccines and vaccinology has seen remarkable progress during the past 20years. Many vaccines, however, still need to be improved, either because the protection they provide is relatively short-lived and would greatly benefit from the development of booster formulations (as is the case for tuberculosis), or because they only cover part of the many serotypes of the pathogen that causes the disease (rotaviruses, papillomaviruses, or Streptococcus pneumoniae). In addition, still many diseases lack a proper preventive vaccine, such as AIDS, hepatitis C, malaria, viral pneumonias, croup and bronchiolitis, dengue fever, leishmaniasis, Staphylococcus aureus, groups A and B Streptococcus, Shigellas and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, to only name a few. These are the current targets of vaccines under development, a great many of which will hopefully reach the market within the coming 10 years. The development of preventive vaccines against chronic diseases such as AIDS and hepatitis C will probably require more time, due to basic science complexities to be overcome first. It is likely that the future will also see an emphasis on therapeutic vaccines targeted against noninfectious diseases such as cancers (lung, skin, prostate, etc) and metabolic or neurologic diseases (atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease). This review will focus on examples of preventive vaccines under development that target infectious diseases with a heavy global burden on public health.

PMID: 19446671 [PubMed - in process]

10: Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2009 May 12. [Epub ahead of print]Click here to read

The bilobe structure of Trypanosoma brucei contains a MORN-repeat protein.

Morriswood B, He CY, Sealey-Cardona M, Yelinek J, Pypaert M, Warren G.

Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, A-1030, Vienna, Austria.

The Golgi of the kinetoplastid parasite T. brucei is closely apposed to a bilobe structure containing TbCentrin2 and TbCentrin4 in procyclic cells. However, both are additionally localized to the basal bodies. Here we report the characterization of a membrane occupation and recognition nexus (MORN)-repeat protein, TbMORN1, present at the bilobe but not the basal body. The anterior part of the TbMORN1 structure partially overlapped with the flagellar attachment zone while the posterior part overlapped with the flagellar pocket. Depletion studies using RNAi showed that there was a modest growth inhibition in procyclic cells but lethality in bloodstream cells, showing that it is an essential protein in the bloodstream form of the organism. TbMORN1 appears to be a useful marker for the bilobe in T. brucei.

PMID: 19445968 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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