Thursday, July 23, 2009

What's new for 'Trypanosomatids' in PubMed

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Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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PubMed Results
Items 1 -4 of 4

1: J Clin Lab Anal. 2009 Jul 21;23(4):202-205. [Epub ahead of print]Click here to read

Improvement of the newly developed latex agglutination test (Katex) for diagnosis of visceral lieshmaniasis.

Hatam GR, Ghatee MA, Hossini SM, Sarkari B.

Department of Parasitology and Mycology/Parasitology and Mycology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Introduction: Different methods are available for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), among them the urine-based antigen detection assay, latex agglutination test (Katex), is a recently developed one. The main drawback of the test is false-positive reactivity in some of healthy individuals. The false positivity of the test can be removed by boiling the urine sample for 5 min before testing. In this study an attempt was made to improve Katex by removing unpleasant boiling process, which also decreases field applicability of the test.Methods: False-positive and true-positive urine samples were collected from VL patients and healthy individuals. Both samples were then treated by reagents including, sodium dodecyl sulfate, trichloroacetic acid, dithiothreitol (DTT), sulphosalicylic acid and also heating at 56 degrees C.Results: Findings of this study showed that DTT pretreatment significantly reduced the rate of false-positive reactivity of Katex where 73% of false-positive urine samples changed to negative after DTT treatment. However, the DTT treatment reduced the rate of true positivity by 14%.Conclusion: These data indicate that DTT can be used to eliminate nonspecific reactivity in the Katex. This will improve the performance of Katex and make it a more convenient and field applicable test. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:202-205, 2009. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

PMID: 19623643 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

2: Mymensingh Med J. 2009 Jul;18(2):260-3.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Ahmed Z, Chowdhury SA, Bhuiyan SI.

Dr Zakir Ahmed, Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail: drsaifulib@yahoo.com.

Leishmaniasis is an increasingly prevalent, major world health problem caused by infection with a protozoan which is transmitted by sand fly bites. It is endemic in 88 countries on 4 countries. More than 90% of visceral leishmaniasis cases occur in Bangladesh, Brazil, India and Sudan. Although Bangladesh is one of four countries those bearing the most burden of visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis is rare in Bangladesh. Cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are usually imported to Bangladesh from other endemic countries. A patient from an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis, a non-healing nodulo-ulcerative lesion with "volcanic crater" on exposed part of the body, constant dermal infiltration with lymphocytes, histiocytes and plasma cells and demonstration of intracellular parasites in lesional skin establish the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. We here represent a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an overseas worker, returned from Saudi Arabia. He presented with multiple asymptomatic nodulo-ulcerative lesions on exposed part of the body. The patient's clinical history, morphology of lesions, laboratory analysis and histopathological examination of lesional skin were consistent with cutaneous leishmaniasis, a rare disease for Bangladesh. Cutaneous leishmaniasis may arise as a health problem among people returned from the Middle-East. Our findings of high titre (>1:64000) direct agglutination test (DAT) in cutaneous leishmaniasis may be an additional point of further study.

PMID: 19623158 [PubMed - in process]

3: Mymensingh Med J. 2009 Jan;18(1 Suppl):S1-5.

Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of immunochromatographic strip test in diagnosis of childhood kala-azar.

Rouf MA, Rahman ME, Islam MN, Islam MN, Ferdous NN, Hossain MA.

Department of Pediatrics, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

In Bangladesh, the total population at risk for kala-azar exceeds 20 million (18%) living in 88 Thana (19%) of 27 districts (42%). A confirmatory diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is done by demonstration of the parasite (LD body) in organ aspirates or tissue biopsy sample, an invasive procedure with relatively low sensitivity. To assess the diagnostic usefulness of ICT for antibody against the leishmanial antigen rK39 & its feasibility for use under field conditions (rural areas). An experimental study conducted during January, 2003 to July, 2003 in pediatrics department of MMCH including 60 confirmedly diagnosed KA cases & 60 controls having diseases other than KA. One drop of peripheral blood is applied to the nitrocellulose strip & 3 drops of test buffer is added to the dried blood. Observing 2 visible bands indicates presence of IgG anti-K39. The rK39 strip test was positive in 57 out of 60 confirmed KA case diagnosed by LD body demonstration in splenic or bone marrow aspirate. The estimated sensitivity was 95%. One control diagnosed as other than KA had positive strip test but negative aspirate smear. The estimated specificity of the strip test was 98.3%. The predictive value of a positive result is 98.3% & that of a negative result is 93.5%. rK39 strip test is highly sensitive & specific in our situation & it can be used as a simple & the best method for diagnosis of KA in rural areas.

PMID: 19377416 [PubMed - in process]

4: Clin Rheumatol. 2009 Jun;28(6):693-7. Epub 2009 Mar 13.Click here to read LinkOut

Anti-dsDNA antibodies in Brazilian patients of mainly African descent with systemic lupus erythematosus: lack of association with lupus nephritis.

Atta AM, Pereira MM, Santiago M, Sousa-Atta ML.

Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. ajatta@ig.com.br

Renal disease is associated with morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and anti-dsDNA antibodies with SLE immunopathogenesis. We investigated the dsDNA antibody profile of 84 Brazilian SLE patients, 27 with lupus nephritis. Thirty-six (39.1%) patients had dsDNA IgG antibodies shown in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (454.7 +/- 281.1 WHO units/mL), nine presenting renal disease. The following profile of dsDNA antibodies was demonstrated in Crithidia luciliae test: IgA (seven out of 36; 19.4%), IgG (22 out of 36, 66.1%); IgM (nine out of 36, 25.0%), and IgE (four out of 36, 11.1%). Two or three isotypes of dsDNA antibodies were observed in nine (25.0%) patients, while 11 (30.5%) were seronegative in the C. luciliae test. Patients with dsDNA antibodies had lower serum C3 and C4 when compared with SLE individuals without these immunoglobulins (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). There was no association between any dsDNA antibody isotype and lupus kidney disease nor was anti-dsDNA IgM antibody associated with absence of nephritis.

PMID: 19283331 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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