What's new for 'Trypanosomatids' in PubMed

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Sent on Wednesday, 2009 Nov 11
Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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PubMed Results

Items 1 -3 of 3

1.	Infect Immun. 2009 Nov 9. [Epub ahead of print] CXCL10 production by human monocytes in response to Leishmania braziliensis infection. Vargas-Inchaustegui DA, Hogg AE, Tulliano G, Llanos-Cuentas A, Arevalo J, Endsley JJ, Soong L. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555; Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Alexander von Humboldt", Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis is the causative agent of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (ML) in South America, and ML is characterized by excessive T and B cell responses to the parasite. We speculate that the unbalanced production of inflammatory mediators in response to L. braziliensis infection contributes to cell recruitment and disease severity. To test this hypothesis, we first examined the response of healthy volunteer peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to L. braziliensis infection. We observed that while L. braziliensis infection induced the production of CXCL10 and IL-10 in human PBMCs and macrophages (MPhis), an enhanced expression of CXCL10 and its receptor CXCR3 was predominantly detected in CD14(+) monocytes. The chemoattractant factors secreted by L. braziliensis-infected cells were highly efficient in recruiting un-infected PBMCs (predominantly CD14(+) cells) through transwell membranes. Sera of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) patients (especially the ML cases) had significantly higher levels of CXCL10, CCL4 and soluble TNF receptor II (sTNFRII) than did those of control subjects. Our results suggest that, following L. braziliensis infection, the production of multiple inflammatory mediators by the host may contribute to disease severity by increasing cellular recruitment.
	PMID: 19901067 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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2.	Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2009 Nov 6. [Epub ahead of print] Gel free analysis of the Proteome of intracellular Leishmania mexicana. Paape D, Barrios-Llerena ME, Le Bihan T, Mackay L, Aebischer T. Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany. Investigating the proteome of intracellular Leishmania amastigotes has recently become possible due to the exploitation of fluorescence activated intracellular parasite sorting. Here, we employed this technology in combination with gel free analysis to greatly improve proteome coverage and suggest proteins putatively secreted by the parasites. In total, 1764 proteins were identified of which 741 had not been reported before. Protein abundance indices were calculated to rank individual proteins according to their abundance in vivo. Using the LeishCyc resource, an overview of metabolically relevant proteins was produced that integrated protein abundance data. Bioinformatic analysis identified 143 proteins possibly secreted by L. mexicana amastigotes, half of which have no known function. The data provide a useful resource e.g. for modelling metabolic flux or selecting novel vaccine antigens.
	PMID: 19900490 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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3.	Pol J Microbiol. 2009;58(3):219-22. Usefulness of PCR method for detection of Leishmania in Poland. Myjak P, Szulta J, de Almeida ME, da Silva AJ, Steurer F, Lass A, Pietkiewicz H, Nahorski WL, Goljan J, Knap J, Szostakowska B. Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Interfaculty Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine in Gdynia, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdynia, Poland. pemyjak@gumed.edu.pl Leishmania parasites are the etiological agents of leishmaniosis, with severe course and often fatal prognosis, and the global number of cases has increased in recent decades. The gold standards for the diagnosis of leishmaniosis are microscopic examinations and culture in vitro of the different clinical specimens. The sensitivity of these methods is insufficient. Recent development in specific and sensitive molecular methods (PCR) allows for detection as well as identification of the parasite species (subspecies). The aim of the study was to estimate the usefulness of molecular methods (PCR) for detection of Leishmania species and consequently for the implementation of such methods in routine diagnostics of leishmaniosis in Polish patients returning from endemic areas of the disease. In our investigations we used 54 known Leishmania positive DNA templates (from culture and clinical specimens) received from the CDC (Atlanta, GA, USA). Moreover, 25 samples of bone marrow, blood or other tissues obtained from 18 Polish individuals suspected of leishmaniosis were also examined. In PCR we used two pairs of primers specific to the conserved region of Leishmania kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) minicircle (13A/13B and F/R). Using these primers we obtained amplicons in all DNA templates from the CDC and in three Polish patients suspected for Leishmania infection. In one sample from among these cases we also obtained positive results with DNA isolated from a blood specimen which was previously negative in microscopic examinations.
	PMID: 19899614 [PubMed - in process]
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