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Sent on Tuesday, 2009 Dec 08Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Sep-Oct;42(5):597-602.[Sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in indigenous villages in the State of Mato Grosso.][Article in Portuguese] Maciel GB, Missawa NA.Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT. This study was conducted in 25 indigenous villages in 13 municipalities of the State of Mato Grosso. 4,424 specimens of 37 species of the genus Lutzomyia and one species of the genus Brumptomyia were identified. Vectors for American tegumentary leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis were abundantly captured, and these represented 28.7% (Lutzomyia whitmani) and 23.6% (Lutzomyia longipalpis), respectively. |
| PMID: 19967248 [PubMed - in process] | |
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| 2. | Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Sep-Oct;42(5):594-6.[New outbreak of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in a military training center in the Zona da Mata region, in the north of the State of Pernambuco.][Article in Portuguese] Andrade MS, Brito ME, Silva ST, Ishikawa E, Carvalho SM, Brandão-Filho SP.Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE. A new outbreak of American tegumentary leishmaniasis among military personnel is reported, with 71 cases confirmed by means of clinical, epidemiological and laboratory criteria. Seven samples were isolated and were identified as Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. The occurrence of outbreaks in this region confirms the endemic nature of this disease, and the magnitude of the occurrence seems to be related to non-adoption of individual protection measures. |
| PMID: 19967247 [PubMed - in process] | |
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| 3. | Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Sep-Oct;42(5):570-80.Visceral leishmaniasis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: eco-epidemiological aspects and control.Marzochi MC, Fagundes A, Andrade MV, Souza MB, Madeira Mde F, Mouta-Confort E, Schubach Ade O, Marzochi KB.Laboratory for Leishmaniasis Surveillance, Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. From 1977 (index case) to 2006, 87 cases of visceral leishmaniasis were confirmed in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in periurban areas on the continental and coastal slopes of the Pedra Branca massif and the continental slopes of the Gericinó massif. The majority (65.5%) of the patients were more than five years old, predominantly males (61.5%), but without any difference between the sexes below the age of 14 years. The overall fatality rate was 10.4%. Two cases of visceral leishmaniasis/human immunodeficiency virus coinfection were detected. Leishmania chagasi was isolated from human and canine cases. The associations between the presence of phlebotomines and human and canine migrations, disorderly occupation involving degradation of environmental preservation areas and poor socioeconomic conditions may have created a favorable setting for the establishment and propagation of the disease. Close epidemiological surveillance associated with traditional control measures and others (active case researches, land clearing and health education), reduced the incidence of human cases from 2.8 per 100,000 inhabitants in 1981 to less than 0.01 per 100,000 since 1997. The canine infection rates decreased from 4.6% in 1984 to 1.6% in 2008. Lutzomyia longipalpis was not detected in some locations where human and canine cases occurred. In the years 2007 and 2008, no new human cases were reported, but there is a persistent and worrisome residual canine seroprevalence. |
| PMID: 19967242 [PubMed - in process] | |
| 4. | Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Sep-Oct;42(5):509-14.[Population mobility and production of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in the State of Paraná, southern Brazil.][Article in Portuguese] Monteiro WM, Neitzke-Abreu HC, Ferreira ME, Melo GC, Barbosa MG, Lonardoni MV, Silveira TG, Teodoro U.Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM. Information on the role of population mobility in maintaining American tegumentary leishmaniasis in the State of Paraná is scarce. Population mobility was evaluated as a risk factor for this endemic disease in three mesoregions of Paraná, using data built up at the State University of Maringá, covering 1987 to 2004. A total of 1,933 cases were notified, mostly among migrants (54.4%). The municipalities with the greatest numbers of cases notified were Maringá (358), Doutor Camargo (108) and Terra Boa (105). The rural cases were predominantly autochthonous (89.8%), while the urban cases were mostly among migrants (84.8%) (p < 0.0001). Among the rural autochthonous cases, there was no difference between the sexes (p = 0.127), whereas among the urban migrant cases, men predominated (p < 0.0001). The migrant cases were mostly related to mobility within and between municipalities. Population mobility seems to be an important variable in the epidemiology of this disease in the State of Paraná. |
| PMID: 19967232 [PubMed - in process] | |
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| 5. | Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Sep-Oct;42(5):503-8.[First epidemiological description of visceral leishmaniasis in Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul.][Article in Portuguese] Botelho AC, Natal D.Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP. An epidemiological study was conducted on cases of visceral leishmaniasis that were notified in Campo Grande between 2001 and 2006, using data from the Brazilian information system for notifiable diseases (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, SINAN). In 2001, 577 cases were notified, giving an incidence of 1.47 cases/100,000. This rose to 20.98 cases/100,000 in 2006. From 2002 onwards, new cases were notified every month. Children up to nine years of age accounted for 40% of the cases. Males accounted for 64% of the cases and females, 36%. The death rate ranged from 5 to 11%, with a mean of 8%. Among the 44 deaths, 33 (75%) were male cases and 11 (25%) were female cases. Although elderly people accounted for 9% of the cases, mortality among them reached 39%. There were 27 cases of Leishmania /HIV coinfection (5%), with a mortality rate of 15%, mostly among men aged 20 to 49 years. A process of disease endemization with a high rate of incidence was observed. |
| PMID: 19967231 [PubMed - in process] | |
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| 6. | Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Sep-Oct;42(5):496-502.[Visceral leishmaniasis in the municipality of Várzea Grande, State of Mato Grosso, between 1998 and 2007.][Article in Portuguese] Missawa NA, Borba JF.Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and spread of visceral leishmaniasis in the municipality of Várzea Grande, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, between 1998 and 2007. Forty-eight human cases were reported, with an incidence rate of up to 11.7 per 100,000 inhabitants, particularly among children and adolescents of both sexes, with marked geographical spread of the disease in the municipality. |
| PMID: 19967230 [PubMed - in process] | |
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| 7. | Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Sep-Oct;42(5):494-5.Is an increased body mass index associated with a risk of cutaneous leishmaniasis?Cunha DF, Cunha SF, Nunes AG, Silva-Vergara ML.Departament of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil. All adults (n = 334) living in Brejo do Mutambal, an endemic area for cutaneous leishmaniasis, were included in this study. Contrary to our initial hypothesis, it was observed that men (23.7 +/- 3.2 vs. 22.1 +/- 2.6 kg/m(2)) and women (24.1 +/- 4.7 vs. 22.5 +/- 3.4 kg/m(2)) with cutaneous leishmaniasis presented higher body mass index than the controls. |
| PMID: 19967229 [PubMed - in process] | |
| 8. | Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Sep-Oct;42(5):488-93.Epidemiological study on leishmaniasis in an area of environmental tourism and ecotourism, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, 2006-2007.Andrade AR, Nunes VL, Galati EA, Arruda CC, Santos MF, Rocca ME, Aquino RB.Laboratory of Parasitology, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, University for the Development of the State and the Region of Pantanal, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. The aims of this study were to carry out a serological survey of canine leishmaniasis and identify the phlebotomine fauna in the urban area of Bonito, Mato Grosso do Sul. The serological survey was conducted on a sample of 303 dogs, by means of the indirect immunofluorescence test. Phlebotomines were captured using automated light traps. The serological survey found that 30% of the dogs were seropositive, both from the center and from all districts of the town. A total of 2,772 specimens of phlebotomines were caught and the species most found was Lutzomyia longipalpis (90.4%), which corroborated its role as the vector of for canine visceral leishmaniasis in the region. Phlebotomines of the species Bichromomyia flaviscutellata (the main vector for Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis) and Nyssomyia whitmani (the vector for Leishmania (Viannia) brasiliensis) were also caught. The findings indicate the need for continuous epidemiological surveillance, with attention towards diminishing the vector breeding sites and the transmission of these diseases in that region. |
| PMID: 19967228 [PubMed - in process] | |
| 9. | Korean J Parasitol. 2009 Dec;47(4):345-51. Epub 2009 Dec 1.Aureobasidium-Derived Soluble Branched (1,3-1,6) beta-Glucan (Sophy beta-glucan) Enhances Natural Killer Activity in Leishmania amazonensis-Infected Mice.Yatawar a L, Wickramasinghe S, Nagataki M, Takamoto M, Nomura H, Ikeue Y, Watanabe Y, Agatsuma T.Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Kochi Medical School, Oko, Nankoku City, Kochi 783-8505, Japan. The beta-glucans derived from yeast cell walls have been reported for having many immunomodulatory activities in vivo and in vitro. In this study, Aureobasidium-derived soluble branched (1,3-1,6) beta-glucan (Sophy beta-glucan) was checked for natural killer (NK) activity and for the production of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in Leishmania amazonensis infection. The main experiment was performed with a group of female C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, orally supplemented with 5% of Sophy beta-glucan and infected with promastogotes of L. amazonensis (1 x 10(7)) into the footpad. Increase in the footpad thickness with time was observed in BALB/c mice in spite of the oral Sophy beta-glucan supplement, but it was less in C57BL/6 mice. The difference in overall mean footpad thickness between 'infection only' versus 'infection + glucan' groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001). High NK activity in C57BL/6 than BALB/c mice was observed in 'glucan only' group compared to the control group and also in 'infection + glucan' group compared to 'infection only' group. The difference in the NK activity among these groups was significant (P < 0.05). The IFN-gamma level increased at weeks 7 and 8 post-infection in C57BL/6 mice and was significantly high in 'infection + glucan' group compared to the 'infection only' group (P < 0.05). IL-4 levels did not increase up to detectable levels throughout the study. The results led a conclusion that Sophy beta-glucan enhances NK activity and cellular immunity in L. amazonensis-infected mice. |
| PMID: 19967081 [PubMed - in process] | |
| 10. | J Immunol. 2009 Dec 4. [Epub ahead of print]Regulatory B Cells Shape the Development of Th2 Immune Responses in BALB/c Mice Infected with Leishmania major Through IL-10 Production.Ronet C, Torre YH, Revaz-Breton M, Mastelic B, Tacchini-Cottier F, Louis J, Launois P.World Health Organization's Immunology Research and Training Center and. Recent evidence indicates that B cells are required for susceptibility to infection with Leishmania major in BALB/c mice. In this study, we analyzed the role of the IL-10 produced by B cells in this process. We showed that B cells purified from the spleen of BALB/c mice produced IL-10 in response to stimulation with L. major in vitro. In vivo, early IL-10 mRNA expression is detected after L. major infection in B cells from draining lymph nodes of susceptible BALB/c, but not of resistant C57BL/6 mice. Although adoptive transfer of naive wild-type B cells prior to infection in B cell-deficient BALB/c mice restored Th2 cell development and susceptibility to infection with L. major of these otherwise resistant mice, adoptive transfer of IL-10(-/-) B cells mice did not. B cells stimulated by L. major, following in vitro or in vivo encounter, express the CD1d and CD5 molecules and the IL-10 produced by these cells downregulate IL-12 production by L. major-stimulated dendritic cells. These observations indicate that IL-10 secreting B cells are phenotypically and functionally regulatory B cells. Altogether these results demonstrate that the IL-10 produced by regulatory CD1d(+) CD5(+) B cells in response to L. major is critical for Th2 cell development in BALB/c mice. |
| PMID: 19966209 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
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