This message contains My NCBI what's new results from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).
Do not reply directly to this message.
Sender's message:
Sent on Tuesday, 2010 Feb 16Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
Click here to view complete results in PubMed. (Results may change over time.)
To unsubscribe from these e-mail updates click here.
| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Parasitol Res. 2010 Feb 13. [Epub ahead of print]Climate change and threat of vector-borne diseases in India: are we prepared?Dhiman RC, Pahwa S, Dhillon GP, Dash AP.National Institute of Malaria Research (ICMR), Dwarka, New Delhi, 110077, India, r.c.dhiman@gmail.com. It is unequivocal that climate change is happening and is likely to expand the geographical distribution of several vector-borne diseases, including malaria and dengue etc. to higher altitudes and latitudes. India is endemic for six major vector-borne diseases (VBD) namely malaria, dengue, chikungunya, filariasis, Japanese encephalitis and visceral leishmaniasis. Over the years, there has been reduction in the incidence of almost all the diseases except chikungunya which has re-emerged since 2005. The upcoming issue of climate change has surfaced as a new threat and challenge for ongoing efforts to contain vector-borne diseases. There is greater awareness about the potential impacts of climate change on VBDs in India and research institutions and national authorities have initiated actions to assess the impacts. Studies undertaken in India on malaria in the context of climate change impact reveal that transmission windows in Punjab, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir and north-eastern states are likely to extend temporally by 2-3 months and in Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu there may be reduction in transmission windows. Using PRECIS model (driven by HadRM2) at the resolution of 50 x 50 Km for daily temperature and relative humidity for year 2050, it was found that Orissa, West Bengal and southern parts of Assam will still remain malarious and transmission windows will open up in Himachal Pradesh and north-eastern states etc. Impact of climate change on dengue also reveals increase in transmission with 2 C rise in temperature in northern India. Re-emergence of kala-azar in northern parts of India and reappearance of chikungunya mainly in southern states of India has also been discussed. The possible need to address the threat and efforts made in India have also been highlighted. The paper concludes with a positive lead that with better preparedness threat of climate change on vector-borne diseases may be negated. |
| PMID: 20155369 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| 2. | J Immunol. 2010 Feb 12. [Epub ahead of print]The p110{delta} Isoform of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Controls the Quality of Secondary Anti-Leishmania Immunity by Regulating Expansion and Effector Function of Memory T Cell Subsets.Liu D, Uzonna JE.Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. We showed previously that mice with an inactivating knockin mutation in the p110delta isoform of PI3K (referred to as p110delta(D910A) mice) displayed enhanced primary resistance to Leishmania major despite mounting paradoxically impaired T cell responses. Here, we show that p110delta(D910A) mice are impaired in their secondary (memory) anti-Leishmania responses in vitro and in vivo. Following secondary L. major challenge, p110delta(D910A) mice exhibited reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity response and weaker parasite control compared to wild-type mice. Using adoptive transfer experiments, we show that immune T cells from healed p110delta(D910A) mice were impaired in their proliferation and effector cytokine (IFN-gamma) responses upon L. major challenge. Interestingly, Leishmania-reactive T cells from healed p110delta(D910A) mice contain severalfold lower numbers of CD62L(lo) and CD62(hi) T cells than those from healed wild-type mice. The reduction in numbers of CD62L(lo) T cells in p110delta(D910A) mice is due to failure of their CD62L(hi) T cells to downregulate CD62L expression in response to L. major. Furthermore, although CD62L(lo) cells from p110delta(D910A) mice could home efficiently to lymphoid organs, their ability to exit these tissues and emigrate to cutaneous sites of infection was greatly impaired. Collectively, our data identify PI3K signaling as important events that control memory T cell subset differentiation, generation, effector function, and recruitment to cutaneous tissues and suggest that manipulating this pathway could provide means of enhancing desired memory T cell subset, response during vaccination, or both. |
| PMID: 20154209 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| 3. | Eur J Med Chem. 2010 Feb 1. [Epub ahead of print]Computational screening for membrane-directed inhibitors of mast cell activation.Batista J, Friedrichson T, Schlechtingen G, Braxmeier T, Jennings G, Bajorath J.Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT, LIMES, Program Unit Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Dahlmannstr. 2, D-53113 Bonn, Germany; JADO Technologies GmbH, Tatzberg 47-51, D-01307 Dresden, Germany. Receptor-mediated signaling events frequently depend on the integrity of their membrane environments. Only a limited number of compounds are currently available that are known or thought to modulate membrane environments and affect signaling events without disrupting membrane structure. Among these are alkylphospholipids including the drug miltefosine that is approved for the treatment of breast cancer and leishmaniasis. In addition, miltefosine has recently been shown to block immunoglobulin E receptor-dependent mast cell activation. On the basis of these findings, we have explored other alkylphospholipids as potential inhibitors of mast cell activation and confirmed the inhibitory activity of five molecules. By comparing the head groups of these alkylphospolipids common pharmacophore features were determined. Through computational screening utilizing this pharmacophore information a new lipid-like inhibitory chemotype was identified that blocked mast cell activation with potency comparable to miltefosine. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. |
| PMID: 20153565 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| 4. | FEBS Lett. 2010 Feb 11. [Epub ahead of print]The trypanosome Pumilio-domain protein PUF7 associates with a nuclear cyclophilin and is involved in ribosomal RNA maturation.Droll D, Archer S, Fenn K, Delhi P, Matthews K, Clayton C.Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, Heidelberg D69120, Germany. Proteins with Pumilio RNA binding domains (Puf proteins) are ubiquitous in eukaryotes. Some Puf proteins bind to the 3'-untranslated regions of mRNAs, acting to repress translation and promote degradation; others are involved in ribosomal RNA maturation. The genome of Trypanosoma brucei encodes eleven Puf proteins whose function cannot be predicted by sequence analysis. We show here that epitope-tagged TbPUF7 is located in the nucleolus, and associated with a nuclear cyclophilin-like protein, TbNCP1. RNAi targeting PUF7 reduced trypanosome growth and inhibited two steps in ribosomal RNA processing. Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier B.V. |
| PMID: 20153321 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| 5. | Vet Parasitol. 2010 Jan 25. [Epub ahead of print]An autochthonous case of cutaneous bovine leishmaniasis in Switzerland.Lobsiger L, Müller N, Schweizer T, Frey CF, Wiederkehr D, Zumkehr B, Gottstein B.Idexx Diavet Laboratory AG, Dept. Pathology, Schlyffistrasse 10, CH- 8806 Bäch, Switzerland. The present case report describes a novel etiological agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis that appears for the first time in a cow. A similar agent had recently been described as causing autochthonous infections in horses of Germany and Switzerland. The infection in the cow was initially diagnosed upon clinical and immunohistological findings. Subsequent comparative sequence analysis of diagnostic PCR products from the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) of ssrRNA classified the respective isolate as neither Old World nor New World Leishmania species, but yielded complete identity of the analysed sequence with the above mentioned horse cases and 98% identity to Leishmania sp. siamensis, an organism recently identified in a visceral leishmaniasis patient from Thailand. The potential transmitting vectors for all these cases have not yet been identified. Future investigations will have to elucidate the veterinary-epidemiological relevance of this etiological agent, as well as biological parameters such as transmission mode and geographical origin and distribution. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| PMID: 20153118 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| 6. | Parasitology. 2010 Feb 15:1-19. [Epub ahead of print]Iron metabolism in trypanosomatids, and its crucial role in infection.Taylor MC, Kelly JM.Pathogen Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK. SUMMARYIron is almost ubiquitous in living organisms due to the utility of its redox chemistry. It is also dangerous as it can catalyse the formation of reactive free radicals - a classical double-edged sword. In this review, we examine the uptake and usage of iron by trypanosomatids and discuss how modulation of host iron metabolism plays an important role in the protective response. Trypanosomatids require iron for crucial processes including DNA replication, antioxidant defence, mitochondrial respiration, synthesis of the modified base J and, in African trypanosomes, the alternative oxidase. The source of iron varies between species. Bloodstream-form African trypanosomes acquire iron from their host by uptake of transferrin, and Leishmania amazonensis expresses a ZIP family cation transporter in the plasma membrane. In other trypanosomatids, iron uptake has been poorly characterized. Iron-withholding responses by the host can be a major determinant of disease outcome. Their role in trypanosomatid infections is becoming apparent. For example, the cytosolic sequestration properties of NRAMP1, confer resistance against leishmaniasis. Conversely, cytoplasmic sequestration of iron may be favourable rather than detrimental to Trypanosoma cruzi. The central role of iron in both parasite metabolism and the host response is attracting interest as a possible point of therapeutic intervention. |
| PMID: 20152063 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| 7. | Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2009 May-Jun;75(3):279-82.Clindamycin lotion alone versus combination lotion of clindamycin phosphate plus tretinoin versus combination lotion of clindamycin phosphate plus salicylic acid in the topica l treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris: a randomized control trial.NilFroushzadeh MA, Siadat AH, Baradaran EH, Moradi S.Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Iran. BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease that affects 85% to 100% of people at some time during their lives. It is characterized by noninflammatory follicular papules or comedones and by inflammatory papules, pustules, and nodules in its more severe forms. AIMS: To compare the efficacy of combination treatment of clindamycin+salicylic acid, versus clindamycin+tretinoin versus clindamycin alone in the treatment of the mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris. METHODS: This was a single-blinded, randomized clinical trial.Forty-two female patients (age range: 15-25 years) with mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris were selected randomly and subsequently randomized to 3 groups. Group A patients were treated with 1% clindamycin lotion (C lotion) twice daily. Group B patients were treated with 1% clindamycin+0.025% tretinoin lotion once nightly (CT lotion). Group C patients were treated with 1% clindamycin+2% salicylic acid lotion twice daily (CS lotion) for 12 weeks. For comparison of efficacy of these treatments, and regarding the skewed distribution of the data, Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney U test were used. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between 3 types of treatment in the respect of the total lesion count (TLC) improvement (P = 0.039). The efficacy of treatment on Acne Severity Index (ASI) was maximum for CS lotion (81.80% reduction in ASI). CT lotion reduced ASI by as much as 73.73% during 12 weeks of treatment. The efficacy of C lotion was calculated to be 37.87% in the reduction of ASI. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggested that the efficacy of CS lotion was significantly more than C lotion with respect to the TLC and ASI, although there was no significant difference between CS and CT lotion. |
| PMID: 19439881 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
| Related articles Free article | |
 | |
Publication Types:
MeSH Terms:
Substances:
|
No comments:
Post a Comment