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Sent on Tuesday, 2010 Feb 23Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | J Mol Model. 2010 Feb 21. [Epub ahead of print]Probing the structure of Leishmania donovani chagasi DHFR-TS: comparative protein modeling and protein-ligand interaction studies.Maganti L, Manoharan P, Ghoshal N.Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (a unit of CSIR), Kolkata, 700032, India. Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) has been used successfully as a drug target in the area of anti-bacterial, anti-cancer and anti-malarial therapy. It also acts as a drug target for Leishmaniasis. Inhibition of DHFR leads to cell death through lack of thymine (nucleotide metabolism). Although the crystal structures of Leishmania major and Trypanosoma cruzi DHFR-thymidylate synthase (TS) have been resolved, to date there is no three-dimensional (3D)-structural information on DHFR-TS of Leishmania donovani chagasi, which causes visceral leishmaniasis. Our aim in this study was to model the 3D structure of L. donovani chagasi DHFR-TS, and to investigate the structural requirements for its inhibition. In this paper we describe a highly refined homology model of L. donovani chagasi DHFR-TS based on available crystallographic structures by using the Homology module of Insight II. Structural refinement and minimization of the generated L. donovani chagasi DHFR-TS model employed the Discover 3 module of Insight II and molecular dynamic simulations. The model was further validated through use of the PROCHECK, Verify_3D, PROSA, PSQS and ERRAT programs, which confirm that the model is reliable. Superimposition of the model structure with the templates L. major A chain, L. major B chain And T. cruzi A chain showed root mean square deviations of 0.69 A, 0.71 A and 1.11 A, respectively. Docking analysis of the L. donovani chagasi DHFR-TS model with methotrexate enabled us to identify specific residues, viz. Val156, Val30, Lys95, Lys75 and Arg97, within the L. donovani chagasi DHFR-TS binding pocket, that play an important role in ligand or substrate binding. Docking studies clearly indicated that these five residues are important determinants for binding as they have strong hydrogen bonding interactions with the ligand. |
| PMID: 20174846 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
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| 2. | Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Feb 18. [Epub ahead of print]Sand flies naturally infected by Leishmania (L.) mexicana in the peri-urban area of Chetumal city, Quintana Roo, México.Sánchez-García L, Berzunza-Cruz M, Becker-Fauser I, Rebollar-Téllez EA.Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Hospital General de México, Dr Balmis 148, Col. Doctores, México D.F. 06726, México. The surveillance of prevalent Leishmania sand fly vectors is an important issue for epidemiological studies in populated areas where leishmaniasis is endemic. In this study, we collected sand flies from a peri-urban area in the southeast of Mexico. Natural infection with Leishmania (L.) mexicana was studied by PCR using a Leishmania internal transcribed spacer of the ribosomal RNA gene for amplification. Infected Lutzomyia olmeca olmeca, Lu. shannoni and Lu. cruciata sand flies were collected mainly during the high transmission season (November to March), coinciding with the highest sand fly densities. Additionally, positive specimens of Lu. olmeca olmeca were also captured during July and August. The infected sand flies were from primary forest (subperennial forest) and secondary forest (18-25 years old and 10-15 years old respectively). Sand flies collected with Disney and Shannon traps were the ones found to be infected with L. (L.) mexicana. We conclude that the high-risk period in which L. (L.) mexicana is transmitted in the peri-urban area of Chetumal City is from July to March and that transmission is associated with both the subperennial forest and the secondary forest. Copyright © 2010 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| PMID: 20171709 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
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| 3. | Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2010 Feb;137(2):124-127. Epub 2010 Jan 12.[Baker Rosenbach erysipeloid appearing as a granulomatous cheilitis.][Article in French] Koufane J, Afifi Y, Khoudri I, Rmili M, Senouci K, Kettani F, Benouda A, Hassam B, Ismaili N.Service de dermatologie, CHU Ibn Sina, Souissi, 10000 Rabat, Maroc. BACKGROUND: Baker-Rosenbach's erysipeloid is a skin infection caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. It occurs essentially in humans exposed to animals colonized with this germ such as swine. The typical skin lesion, an erythematous macule generally localized to inoculation site, frequently in the extremities, quickly resolves spontaneously. The lips are an atypical site of this infection. We describe a case of chronic granulomatosis cheilitis in a farmer caused by E. rhusiopathiae. CASE REPORT: A 40-year-old farmer, a wild-boar hunter and chronic smoker with no history of tuberculosis, injury or insect bites, presented at our dermatology unit with ulcerative macrocheilitis of the lower lip ongoing for 1 year. Its surface was purulent. A biopsy specimen showed non-caseating epithelioid granulomas. Laboratory and radiological screening for tuberculosis, sarcoidosis and Crohn's disease, and parasitological examination for Leishmaniasis proved negative. Bacteriological examination identified E. rhusiopathiae and labial Baker-Rosenbach's erysipeloid was diagnosed. The lesion healed after 15 days of treatment with parenteral penicillin G (12m IU/d), totally disappearing after 3 months. DISCUSSION: Swine erysipelas usually occurs in man as Baker-Rosenbach's erysipeloid. This localized form of infection with E. rhusiopathiae is the most frequent and the lesion typically observed is a violaceous plaque, less inflammatory with induration; spontaneous regression occurs after a mean 3 months. To our knowledge, this case is the first report of ulceration associated with macrocheilitis. Histologically, the granuloma directed our investigation towards the principal aetiologies of granulomatosis cheilitis, such as tuberculosis considering the epidemiological context, sarcoidosis or Crohn's disease. The diagnosis of erysipeloid was supported by epidemiological evidence (occupational exposure), isolation of the germ at the lesion and its regression on treatment with penicillin G. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of E. rhusiopathiae infection was confirmed by bacteriology. However, the hypothesis concerning the pathogenesis of its chronic course in our patient remains a subject of discussion. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. |
| PMID: 20171435 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
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| 4. | Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2010 Jan-Feb;52(4):300-16.Chagas cardiomyopathy--where do we stand after a hundred years?Biolo A, Ribeiro AL, Clausell N.Division of Cardiology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. A hundred years from its description, Chagas cardiomyopathy remains a challenging disease. Although successful vector-control strategies have decreased the incidence of Chagas disease in several Latin American countries, both migration to urban areas and immigration have spread the disease worldwide; and now, blood transfusion, organ transplantation, and vertical transmission are a concern. The pathogenesis of Chagas cardiomyopathy involves complex host-parasite interactions, where low-grade but incessant systemic infection and triggered autoimmune reaction are the main mechanisms for its development, with the contribution of autonomic damage and microvascular disturbances. Chagas cardiomyopathy is the most important clinical presentation of Chagas disease and comprises a wide range of manifestations, including heart failure, arrhythmias, heart blocks, sudden death, thromboembolism, and stroke. Recently, simple clinical prognostic scores have been developed to identify high-risk patients and help with management. The treatment of Chagas cardiomyopathy focuses mostly on managing heart failure, arrhythmias, and thromboembolism. The role of specific antiparasitic therapy in the chronic form is not yet defined, and a randomized trial is now under way to address this crucial point. In this article, we review the main clinical aspects of Chagas cardiomyopathy and underscore some upcoming challenges for the appropriate control, diagnosis, and management of this complex disease. |
| PMID: 20109600 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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| 5. | Med Vet Entomol. 2009 Dec;23(4):410-7.Could the bug Triatoma sherlocki be vectoring Chagas disease in small mining communities in Bahia, Brazil?Almeida CE, Folly-Ramos E, Peterson AT, Lima-Neiva V, Gumiel M, Duarte R, Lima MM, Locks M, Beltrão M, Costa J.Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ (IOC/Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. almeidace@ioc.fiocruz.br Searches for Chagas disease vectors were performed at the type locality from which Triatoma sherlocki Papa et al. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) was described in the municipality of Gentio do Ouro, in the state of Bahia, Brazil, and in a small artisan quarry-mining community approximately 13 km distant in a remote area of the same municipality. The latter site represents a new locality record for this species. Adults, nymphs and exuviae of T. sherlocki were found in 21% of human dwellings, indicating that the species is in the process of domiciliation. Prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in collected bugs was 10.8%. Simple predictive approaches based on environmental similarity were used to identify additional sites likely suitable for this species. The approach successfully predicted an additional five sites for the species in surrounding landscapes. Ecological and entomological indicators were combined to discuss whether this scenario likely represents an isolated case or an emerging public health problem. |
| PMID: 19941607 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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