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Sent on Thursday, 2010 Mar 11Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Mar 9. [Epub ahead of print]Two thymidine hydroxylases differentially regulate the formation of glucosylated DNA at regions flanking polymerase II polycistronic transcription units throughout the genome of Trypanosoma brucei.Cliffe LJ, Siegel TN, Marshall M, Cross GA, Sabatini R.Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA and. Base J is a hypermodified DNA base localized primarily to telomeric regions of the genome of Trypanosoma brucei. We have previously characterized two thymidine-hydroxylases (TH), JBP1 and JBP2, which regulate J-biosynthesis. JBP2 is a chromatin re-modeling protein that induces de novo J-synthesis, allowing JBP1, a J-DNA binding protein, to stimulate additional J-synthesis. Here, we show that both JBP2 and JBP1 are capable of stimulating de novo J-synthesis. We localized the JBP1- and JBP2-stimulated J by anti-J immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing. This genome-wide analysis revealed an enrichment of base J at regions flanking polymerase II polycistronic transcription units (Pol II PTUs) throughout the T. brucei genome. Chromosome-internal J deposition is primarily mediated by JBP1, whereas JBP2-stimulated J deposition at the telomeric regions. However, the maintenance of J at JBP1-specific regions is dependent on JBP2 SWI/SNF and TH activity. That similar regions of Leishmania major also contain base J highlights the functional importance of the modified base at Pol II PTUs within members of the kinetoplastid family. The regulation of J synthesis/localization by two THs and potential biological function of J in regulating kinetoplastid gene expression is discussed. |
| PMID: 20215442 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| 2. | Trop Med Int Health. 2010 Mar 8. [Epub ahead of print]Candid ate gene study of susceptibility to cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka.Samaranayake TN, Fernando SD, Dissanayake VH.Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Summary Objectives To investigate the association between selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TNF, LTA and SLC11A1 genes and risk of endemic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Sri Lanka through a case-control disease association study. Methods An anonymized DNA resource representative of the Sri Lankan population was genotyped initially to establish baseline parameters. This was followed up by genotyping 200 patients and 200 matched controls. Published or modified PCR/RFLP methods were employed for genotyping. Results Comparison of the different ethnic groups showed the distribution of alleles of LTA +252 A>G to differ significantly in Tamils and Moors when compared with Sinhalese. The differences seen at allele level were also reflected in the haplotypes defined by these SNPs at the TNF locus. The case-control analysis did not show an association between the SNPs or the haplotypes investigated and CL. The distribution of these variant alleles in other populations, where they are positively associated with leishmaniasis, differed significantly from the Sri Lankan study cohort. Conclusions The selected polymorphisms do not predispose to CL in the Sri Lankan population. The study of extended haplotypes at these loci using a sufficiently powered sample collection would elaborate the findings of this study. In the face of an evolving disease pattern in the country with other forms of leishmaniasis now being reported, prevalence of polymorphisms predisposing to these forms calls for heightened surveillance and preparedness. |
| PMID: 20214763 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| 3. | East Mediterr Health J. 2010 Jan;16(1):89-93.Evaluation of intralesional 0.2% ciprofloxacin as a treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis.Al Hamdi K, Awad AH, Moker HM.Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Basra, Basra, Iraq. Khalil_hamdi2003@yahoo.com Although cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions usually heal spontaneously they cause unsightly scarring. This study evaluated a possible new therapy in 38 patients, with 70 lesions, randomly assigned to intralesional injection of ciprofloxacin (0.2%) or intralesional sodium chloride hypertonic solution (7%). After excluding patients who defaulted on treatment, lesions assigned to sodium chloride treatment (n = 21) were completely healed (with or without scarring) in 76.2% of cases, and, when a scar remained, the scar size was reduced 66.0% compared with the original lesion. Lesions assigned to ciprofloxacin (n = 27) showed an 81.5% healing rate with an average scar size reduction of 68.6%. Intralesional 0.2% ciprofloxacin was as effective as hypertonic saline in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis infection. |
| PMID: 20214164 [PubMed - in process] | |
| 4. | East Mediterr Health J. 2009 Sep-Oct;15(5):1084-97.[Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Damascus][Article in Arabic] Da'aboul MW.idaboul@scs-net.org It was found that in 50% of clinically diagnosed cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Damascus, microscopic examination failed to detect the presence of the amastigote form of the parasite inside the macrophages or in the extracellular media, i.e. 50% were false negative. However, in over 1000 photographs from 32 slides of 16 cases, the presence of microorganisms was noted in the extracellular fluid that did not match any of the known blood cells or components but did match the promastigote form as seen by general and electron microscopy. Since the promastigote form is not generally thought to be present in humans, this finding needs further investigation. |
| PMID: 20214121 [PubMed - in process] | |
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| 5. | East Mediterr Health J. 2009 Sep-Oct;15(5):1075-83.Efficacy of Olyset long-lasting bednets to control transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran.Emami MM, Yazdi M, Guillet P.Sepahan Green-Thou Plant Pathology and Medical Entomology Centre, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran. motovaliema@yahoo.com A large-scale intervention field trial of the effect of Olyset long-lasting insecticide-treated bednets on transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis was carried out in 2 cities in the Islamic Republic of Iran from October 2003 to July 2005. We enrolled 8620 individuals in 3000 households in 6 pairs of sectors in each city. Epidemiological and entomological surveys were carried out pre- and post-intervention. In both cities a statistically significant reduction was found in the incidence of new cases in intervention sectors who received bednets compared with control areas. Entomological surveys showed a reduction in numbers of female Phlebotomus sergenti captured indoors in intervention sectors. |
| PMID: 20214120 [PubMed - in process] | |
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| 6. | J Biomed Biotechnol. 2010;2010:283842. Epub 2009 Dec 13.Improved method for in vitro secondary amastigogenesis of Trypanosoma cruzi: morphometrical and molecular analysis of intermediate developmental forms.Hernández-Osorio LA, Márquez-Dueñas C, Florencio-Martínez LE, Ballesteros-Rodea G, Martínez-Calvillo S, Manning-Cela RG.Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, AV. IPN 2508, Col San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 México, DF, Mexico. Trypanosoma cruzi undergoes a biphasic life cycle that consists of four alternate developmental stages. In vitro conditions to obtain a synchronic transformation and efficient rates of pure intermediate forms (IFs), which are indispensable for further biochemical, biological, and molecular studies, have not been reported. In the present study, we established an improved method to obtain IFs from secondary amastigogenesis. During the transformation kinetics, we observed progressive decreases in the size of the parasite body, undulating membrane and flagellum that were concomitant with nucleus remodeling and kinetoplast displacement. In addition, a gradual reduction in parasite movement and acquisition of the amastigote-specific Ssp4 antigen were observed. Therefore, our results showed that the in vitro conditions used obtained large quantities of highly synchronous and pure IFs that were clearly distinguished by morphometrical and molecular analyses. Obtaining these IFs represents the first step towards an understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in amastigogenesis. PMCID: PMC2796335 |
| PMID: 20037731 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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