This message contains My NCBI what's new results from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).
Do not reply directly to this message.
Sender's message:
Sent on Saturday, 2010 Sep 18Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
Click here to view complete results in PubMed. (Results may change over time.)
To unsubscribe from these e-mail updates click here.
| PubMed Results |
| 1. | J Vet Med Educ. 2010 Fall;37(3):276-281.Experiences with an In-Training Community Service Model in the Control of Zoonotic Sleeping Sickness in Uganda.Waiswa C, Kabasa JD.AbstractBy 2006, the acute and zoonotic Tripanosoma brucei rhodesiense sleeping sickness in Uganda was spreading northward, leading to fear of a merger with the chronic Tripanosoma brucei gambiese type that affects people in the northwest of the country. Eliminating infection in cattle was urgent because they had been confirmed to be spreading the zoonotic type, and eliminating infection would reduce the animal reservoir and subsequently reduce transmission of sleeping sickness. In this article, we describe how the staff and students of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Makerere University, adjusted their approach to training veterinary students who could provide the urgently needed manpower to enable the community to halt the disease's spread. Because it was not usual for university staff and students to implement disease control activities, the government of Uganda had to delegate this responsibility to Makerere University. In turn, the university had to explore available opportunities in its training and outreach mandates. A model was developed that proved to be an effective hands-on training strategy while helping to control a disease that was threatening the health of people in a community that was just recovering from an armed rebellion. In total, 66 students and supervisors participated in the 10-week-long mass treatment activities in the target area and treated more than 190,000 out of 220,000 targeted (>86%) cattle with diminazene aceturate and deltamethrin. Also, the graduates' performance improved, as indicated by 43.5% of graduates securing employment within less than a month after completing the course. |
| PMID: 20847337 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| Related citations | |
| 2. | Bioorg Med Chem. 2010 Aug 9. [Epub ahead of print]Design and preparation of sterol mimetics as potential antiparasitics.Gigante F< /a>, Kaiser M, Brun R, Gilbert IH.Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Sir James Black Centre, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK. AbstractWe have previously shown that azasterols have activity against Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania species, which are the causative agents of various neglected tropical diseases. In this paper, we discuss the replacement of the sterol core of the azasterols with sterol mimics. Various mimics were designed, and the structures were minimised to see if they could adopt a similar conformation to that of the azasterols. From this, two series of mimics were synthesised and then evaluated against the parasites. Compounds showed moderate activity. |
| PMID: 20846867 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| Related citations | |
| 3. | Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010 Oct;68(2):152-158.Development of a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay for Leishmania major/Leishmania killicki/Leishmania infantum discrimina tion from clinical samples, application in a Tunisian focus.Haouas N, Garrab S, Gorcii M, Khorchani H, Chargui N, Ravel C, Mezhoud H, Babba H.Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology (99UR/08-05), Department of Clinical Biology B, Faculty of Pharmacy, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia. AbstractTopoisomerase II gene of Leishmania genus was used to develop a molecular tool for detection and species differentiation of Leishmania from clinical samples. Identification was achieved by a polymerase chain reaction followed by digestion with 2 restriction endonucleases BstU1 and Taq1. Despite the relatively low sensitivity, it is able to differentiate between 3 complexes responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis. |
| PMID: 20846587 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| Related citations | |
| 4. | Exp Parasitol. 2010 Sep 13. [Epub ahead of print]Immunomodulatory effect of picroliv on combinatorial efficacy of paromomycin and miltefosine in experimental visceral leishmaniasis.Sane SA, Shakya N, Gupta S.Division of Parasitology, Central Drug Research Institute, Chattar Manzil Palace, M.G. Road, Lucknow 226001, India. AbstractCombination therapy for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis has increasingly been advocated as a way to increase treatment efficacy and tolerance, to reduce treatment duration and cost, and to limit the emergence of drug resistance. In the present work, we have adopted a rational approach, which can modulate the immune response to overcome the negative control systems and to boost the positive killing responses. This study was designed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of picroliv (standardized fraction from the alcoholic extract of root and rhizome of Picrorhiza kurroa) on a combination of paromomycin and miltefosine using Leishmania donovani/hamster model. Picroliv has significantly enhanced antileishmanial efficacy and lymphocyte proliferation when given in combination with paromomycin and miltefosine. Increased toxic oxygen metabolite generation and phagocytosis were also witnessed. Present study thus establishes the possible use of picroliv as adjunct to antileishmanial chemotherapy. |
| PMID: 20846525 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| Related citations | |
| 5. | Cell Microbiol. 2010 Sep 16. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2010.01521.x. [Epub ahead of print]A combined luciferase imaging and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay for the study of Leishmania amastigote burden and correlated mouse tissue transcript fluctuations.De La Llave E, Lecoeur H, Besse A, Milon G, Prina E, Lang T.Institut Pasteur, Département de Parasitologie et Mycologie, Immunophysiologie et parasitisme intracellulaire, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex15, France. AbstractLaboratory mice display features of bona fide hosts for parasites such as Leishmania major and Leishmania donovani. Characterizing the amastigote population size fluctuations and the mouse transcript abundance accounting for these fluctuations demands the capacity to record in real time and integrate quantitative multiparametric datasets from the host tissues where these processes occur. To this end, two technologies, luciferase-expressing Leishmania imaging and a very sensitive quantitative analysis of both Leishmania and mouse transcripts, were combined. After the inoculation of either L. major or L. donovani, the amastigote population size fluctuations - increase, plateau and reduction - were monitored by bioluminescence. It allowed a limited number of mice to be selected for further analysis of both mouse and amastigote transcripts using the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay we set up. The illustrative examples displayed in the present analysis highlight a correlation between the transcriptional signatures displayed by mouse tissues with the amastigote burden fluctuations. We argue that these two combined technologies will have the potential to provide further insights on complex phenotypes driven by Leishmania developmental programs in the tissues of the mammal hosts. |
| PMID: 20846338 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| Related citations | |
| 6. | Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2010 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print]Leishmaniasis in an Era of Conflict in the Middle East.Jacobson RL.Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, The Kuvin Center for the Study of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School , The Institute of Medical Research Canada-Israel, Jerusalem, Israel . AbstractAbstract Leishmaniasis is endemic in the Middle East, and both cutaneous and visceral forms are reported from the region ranging from the Levant to Afghanistan. The potential and proven phlebotomine sand fly vectors and reservoir hosts of the Leishmaniases species in Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, and Yemen are described. This region has seen a movement of populations across the area, due to both military and civilian strife. Refugees, armed forces, and multi-national contractors are particularly at risk to acquire this disease. There has been an upsurge in Leishmaniasis research, especially as new foci are exposed and the need to protect the naïve populations moving into endemic areas becomes a public health priority. New sand fly vectors and animal reservoirs have been discovered while novel control methods are being evaluated. Modern molecular techniques are now being used more routinely and revealing some unusual findings. The aim of this review is to collate the most recent data on the burden of the disease, diagnostic applications, eco-epidemiology of vectors, and reservoir hosts, and how the control projects have been developing in the Middle East. |
| PMID: 20846030 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| Related citations | |
| 7. | J Med Chem. 2010 Aug 26;53(16):6100-11.Non-peptide macrocyclic histone deacetylase inhibitors derived from tricyclic ketolide skeleton.Mwakwari SC, Guerrant W, Patil V, Khan SI, Tekwani BL, Gurard-Levin ZA, Mrksich M, Oyelere AK.School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA. AbstractInhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) function is a validated therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Of the several structurally distinct small molecule histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) reported, macrocyclic depsipeptides possess the most complex cap groups and have demonstrated excellent HDAC inhibition potency and isoform selectivity. Unfortunately, the development of macrocyclic depsipeptides has been hampered in part because of development problems characteristic of large peptides and the complex reaction schemes required for their synthesis. Herein we report that tricyclic ketolide TE-802 is an excellent mimetic for the peptide backbone of macrocyclic HDACi. Compounds derived from this template are particularly selective against HDACs 1 and 2 with nanomolar inhibitory activity. Interrogation of the association between a subset of these compounds and key HDAC isoforms, using AutoDock, enables a molecular description of the interaction between the HDAC enzyme's outer rim and the inhibitors' macrocyclic cap group that are responsible for compound affinity and presumably isoform selectivity. |
| PMID: 20669972 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
| Related citations | |
 |
| 8. | J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010 Jul;65(7):1395-8. Epub 2010 May 10.Effects of the calpain inhibitor MDL28170 on the clinically relevant forms of Trypanosoma cruzi in vitro.Ennes-Vidal V, Menna-Barreto RF, Santos AL, Branquinha MH, d'Avila-Levy CM.Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. AbstractOBJECTIVES: There is a general lack of effective and non-toxic chemotherapeutic agents for treating Chagas' disease. In the present work, we evaluated the in vitro activity of the calpain inhibitor MDL28170 against Trypanosoma cruzi relevant clinical forms. METHODS: The effect of MDL28170 on bloodstream trypomastigotes at different concentrations was assessed by counting the parasites in a Neubauer chamber, which allowed the determination of IC(50) values. Subsequently, parasite-macrophage interaction was assessed by two approaches: (i) peritoneal mouse macrophages were pre-infected with trypomastigotes for 3 h and then treated daily for 72 h with MDL28170; or (ii) bloodstream trypomastigotes were pre-treated with the calpain inhibitor for 1 h and then subjected to the infection assay. RESULTS: MDL28170 was capable of significantly reducing the viability of bloodstream trypomastigotes, presenting an IC(50)/24 h value of 20.4 microM. Also, parasites pre-treated with the inhibitor, at subinhibitory drug concentrations, prior to macrophage infection presented a clear dose-dependent inhibition profile, where the inhibition increased from 20% to 50% (in relation to control) as MDL28170 concentration rose from 6.25 to 50 microM. In addition, macrophages experimentally infected with T. cruzi that were treated with the calpain inhibitor presented a significant reduction in the percentage of infection even at the lowest concentrations (6.25 microM). CONCLUSIONS: These data may contribute to the study of the calpains in T. cruzi infection and add new in vitro insights into the possibility of exploiting calpains as promising targets to treat Chagas' disease. |
| PMID: 20457672 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
| Related citations | |
 |
No comments:
Post a Comment