What's new for 'Trypanosomatids' in PubMed

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Sent on Thursday, 2010 Dec 09
Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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PubMed Results

Items 1 - 4 of 4

1.	Mar Drugs. 2010 Oct 29;8(11):2733-43. Effect of Elatol, Isolated from Red Seaweed Laurencia dendroidea, on Leishmania amazonensis. Dos Santos AO, Veiga-Santos P, Ueda-Nakamura T, Filho BP, Sudatti DB, Bianco EM, Pereira RC, Nakamura CV. Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, CEP 86051-990, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: oi_dri@hotmail.com (A.O.S.); bdpfilho@uem.br (B.P.D.F.). Abstract In the present study, we investigated the antileishmanial activity of sesquiterpene elatol, the major constituent of the Brazilian red seaweed Laurencia dendroidea (Hudson) J.V. Lamouroux, against L. amazonensis. Elatol after 72 h of treatment, showed an IC(50) of 4.0 μM and 0.45 μM for promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of L. amazonensis, respectively. By scanning and transmission electron microscopy, parasites treated with elatol revealed notable changes compared with control cells, including: pronounced swelling of the mitochondrion; appearance of concentric membrane structures inside the organelle; destabilization of the plasma membrane; and formation of membrane structures, apparently an extension of the endoplasmic reticulum, which is suggestive of an autophagic process. A cytotoxicity assay showed that the action of the isolated compound is more specific for protozoa, and it is not toxic to macrophages. Our studies indicated that elatol is a potent antiproliferative agent against promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms, and may have important advantages for the development of new anti-leishamanial chemotherapies.
	PMID: 21139841 [PubMed - in process]

2.	Infect Genet Evol. 2010 Dec 4. [Epub ahead of print] PCR-RFLP of ribosomal internal transcribed spacers highlights inter and intra-species variation among Leishmania strains native to La Paz-Bolivia. Buitrago R, Cupolillo E, Bastrenta B, Le Pont F, Martinez E, Barnabé C, Brenière SF. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), département Sociétés et Santé, UR 016, « Caractérisation and control of populations of vectors », Representation in Bolivia Av Hernando Siles N°5290 Esq Calle 7 Obrajes, La Paz Bolivia. Abstract Human leishmaniasis is highly endemic in Bolivia and shows a growing incidence. This report reveals the genetic variability of 35 isolates mainly belonging to Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania amazonensis species. Among them, 31 were from human patients with different clinical presentations, 3 strains from Lutzomya nuneztovari anglesi (the proven vector of L. amazonensis) and 1 strain of a mammal (Conepatus chinga). The isolates were analyzed by isoenzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) and PCR-RFLP of ITS rRNA genes, a genetic marker highly polymorphic and better adapted to sub-structuring of populations. MLEE and RFLP-ITS were in agreement to discriminate the species, 12 belong to L. (V.) braziliensis, 21 to L. (L.) amazonensis, 1 to L. (V.) lainsoni and 1 to L. (L.) chagasi. Among L. (V.) braziliensis the RFLP-ITS only highlights variability. Ten isolates from either cutaneous or mucocutaneous clinical forms, were grouped together (bootstrap value of 99.8%) apart from two others, one from a mammal (Conepatus chinga), the other from a patient with a cutaneous form. Among L. (L.) amazonensis both markers detect variability but no significant sub-division was identified including isolates from different clinical forms. Moreover, the high frequency of several isolates from cutaneous forms occurred during an outbreak, with putative hybrid character (multiloci heterozygous patterns depicted by MLEE) could be linked to better fitness of these parasites. However, in the absence of observation of hypothetical parents, their hybrid status remains a question. Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier B.V.
	PMID: 21138774 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

3.	Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi. 2010 Aug;28(4):280-3. [Investigation on transmitting vectors of visceral leishmaniasis in Jiashi County, Xinjiang]. [Article in Chinese] Gu DA, Zuo XP, Osman Y, Lan QX, Jin CF, Zhou XJ, Wei FR, Zhang Y. National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China. 81443998@sina.com Abstract OBJECTIVE: To investigate sandfly vectors transmitting visceral leishmaniasis, including species and seasonal distribution in Jiashi county of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. METHODS: Sandflies were collected in the field, counted and identified. The specimens were dissected to analyze the gonotrophic cycle and to find infection of promastigotes. The resting places were observed by using oil-paper and sandfly-capturing trap. RESULTS: 4540 sandflies were collected with 99.9% of Phlebotomus wui and only 0.1% Sergentomyia minutus sinkiangensis. On the seasonal distribution, the first peak appeared by the end of May and the first ten-day of June, and the second peak was in the middle of August. Observation showed that the activity of sandflies occurred mainly from 22:00 to 4:00, reaching to the maximum in the midnight. Analysis on the gonotrophic cycle revealed that Ph. wui was an exophilic species and appeared nocturnally for feeding with preference to human blood. Natural infection with promastigotes was found in 4 sandflies, more in the field than the residential area. Resting places included the aperture on the wall of livestock sheds and in the caves. CONCLUSION: Ph. wui is the predominant species in Jiashi, with higher infection rate of natural promastigotes in the field and with two life generations annually.
	PMID: 21137314 [PubMed - in process]

4.	Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi. 2010 Aug;28(4):1 p preceding 241. [Two imported cases of visceral leishmaniasis in Kunming]. [Article in Chinese] Deng ZJ, Lin J.
	PMID: 21137303 [PubMed - in process]