What's new for 'Trypanosomatids' in PubMed

This message contains My NCBI what's new results from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).
Do not reply directly to this message.

Sender's message:

Sent on Monday, 2011 Mar 07
Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
Click here to view complete results in PubMed. (Results may change over time.)
To unsubscribe from these e-mail updates click here.

PubMed Results

Items 1 - 10 of 18

1.	Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2011;59(3):397-401. Chemical Studies on an Endemic Philippine Plant: Sulfated Glucoside and seco-A-Ring Triterpenoids from Dillenia philippinensis. Macahig RA, Matsunami K, Otsuka H. Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University. Abstract The leaves of the endemic Philippine plant, Dillenia philippinensis yielded 11 compounds including one new sulfated glucoside and a new seco-A-ring oleanane-type triterpenoid. The molecular structures of these compounds were elucidated by means of NMR, MS and other spectroscopic techniques, as well as by comparison with literature data. Anti-Leishmania activity and cytotoxic activity against A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells were also examined.
	PMID: 21372426 [PubMed - in process]
	Related citations

2.	Transbound Emerg Dis. 2011 Mar 4. doi: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01209.x. [Epub ahead of print] Serological Evidence of Leishmania donovani Infection in Apparently Healthy Dogs using D irect Agglutination Test (DAT) and rk39 Dipstick Tests in Kafta Humera, north-west Ethiopia. Kalayou S, Tadelle H, Bsrat A, Abebe N, Haileselassie M, Schallig HD. Mekelle University College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle, Ethiopia Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Oslo, Norway Tigray Regional State, Science and Technology Agency, Mekelle, Ethiopia Department of Parasitology, Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen (KIT, Royal Tropical Institute), KIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Abstract Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) are protozoan parasites of significant medical and veterinary importance. Over the last decade, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has emerged as a major opportunistic infection associated with HIV/AIDS in North Western Ethiopia. This paper reports on serological evidence of possible Leishmania donovani (L. donovani) infection in dogs using two serological tests: direct agglutination test (DAT) and Kalazar detect rapid test (KDRT). Two hundred and seventeen asymptomatic local breed dogs were examined for L. donovani antibodies. Performance of the DAT and KDRT was assessed in 162 matching samples of blood collected on filter paper and serum, respectively. Using DAT and KDRT testing in parallel, the overall seroprevalence of L. donovani infection was 27.7% and 14.8%, respectively. The degree of agreement was found to be fair (68.8%, k = 0.234). Univariable logistic regression analysis of some risk factors for L. donovani infection in dogs using DAT indicates that place of residence, sex, age, dog keeping purpose and dog housing condition were not significantly associated with seropositivity. The high proportion of positive dogs suggests the exposure of these animals to L. donovani infection and needs further investigation. Isolation and typing of the parasite aiming at confirming the role of these animals in maintenance and transmission of kala-azar is advocated. © 2011 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
	PMID: 21371289 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
	Related citations

3.	J Vector Ecol. 2011 Mar;36 Suppl 1:S99-S105. doi: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2011.00118.x. Spatial distribution of phlebotomine sand flies in the Aydin Mountains and surroundings: the main focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in western Turkey. Ozbel Y, Balcioğlu IC, Olgen MK, Simsek FM, Töz SÖ, Ertabaklar H, Demir S, Alkan MZ. Ege University Medical School Department of Parasitology, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey Celal Bayar University Medical School Department of Parasitology, Manisa, Turkey Ege University Department of Geography, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey Adnan Menderes University Arts and Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Aydin, Turkey Adnan Menderes University Medical School Department of Parasitology, Aydin, Turkey Mustafa Kemal University Science Faculty Department of Biology, Hatay, Turkey. Abstract An entomological survey was conducted to determine the spatial distribution of phlebotomine fauna and understand the effect of environmental factors. The entomological survey was carried out during 2006-2007 in a study area in the rural area of Aydin province, near the Kusadasi town where VL, CL, and canine leishmaniasis (CanL) are endemic. In 2006 and 2007, 132 locations were sampled using sticky traps mainly on embankments. Detailed environmental and meteorological information was also collected for each location. The results of entomological studies indicated that the probable vectors are Phlebotomus tobbi and P. neglectus for VL and CanL, and P. similis for CL in this western leishmaniasis focus. The data revealed a correlation between their presence and spatial variables such as altitude, sampling site location, and humidity. The distribution areas of probable vector species in this study area allowed the identification of risk levels, which may provide useful information to guide the leishmaniasis research in endemic regions. © 2011 The Society for Vector Ecology.
	PMID: 21366787 [PubMed - in process]
	Related citations

4.	J Vector Ecol. 2011 Mar;36 Suppl 1:S95-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2011.00117.x. The sand fly fauna (Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in the region of Saquarema, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission. Brazil RP, de Queiroz Pontes MC, Passos WL, Fuzari Rodrigues AA, Brazil BG. Laboratório de Bioquímica e Fisiologia de Insetos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Avenida Brasil 4.365. Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana, Departamento de Patologia; Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. Abstract Cutaneous leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, is sporadic in many rural and suburban areas of Rio de Janeiro State. An investigation was carried out during 2008/9 in the Municipality of Saquarema, Rio de Janeiro, Southeast Brazil, in order to identify the phlebotomine sand fly fauna. More than 2,100 sand flies were collected in peridomestic areas in two chicken coops using CDC light traps. Nine species of phlebotomine sand flies were identified: Nyssomyia intermedia, Nyssomyia whitmani, Pintomyia (P.) pessoai, Pintomyia (P.) fischeri, Pintomyia (P.) bianchigalatiae, Migonemyia (M.) migonei, Lutzomyia (L.) longipalpis, Brumptomyia cunhai and Brumptomyia guimaraesi. Based on the results of this study together with related studies in other CL foci in Rio de Janeiro, both Nissomyia intermedia and Migonemyia migonei can be considered suspect vectors of the disease in the region. The potential risk of VL due to the presence of its proven vector L. longipalpis is discussed. © 2011 The Society for Vector Ecology.
	PMID: 21366786 [PubMed - in process]
	Related citations

5.	J Vector Ecol. 2011 Mar;36 Suppl 1:S87-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2011.00116.x. Seasonal dynam ics and altitudinal distributions of sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) populations in a cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic area of the Cukurova region of Turkey. Belen A, Alten B. Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ecological Sciences Research Laboratories, 06800, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey. Abstract This paper presents the results of an entomological survey in an endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Cukurova region of Turkey. A total of 8,927 specimens belonging to eight Phlebotomus and two Sergentomyia species were captured with sticky papers and CDC light traps from 52 stations. Phlebotomus tobbi Adler, was found to be the most abundant species. Sand fly activity started in May and ended in October. Abundance was highest in August. According to the frequency distributions among certain temperature intervals the observed number of individuals was significantly different from the expected values between 22-24° C and 28-30° C. There was no significant correlation between the abundance of sand flies and altitude. However, sand fly species showed great aggregation at the 100-199 m and 200-299 m altitude intervals. The Shannon-Weinner index indicated no difference between the diversity and abundance of sand flies at different altitudes. Diversity and evenness reached maximum values at 500 m. Jaccard's coefficient indicated that similarity was the highest between 0-99 and 300-399, 0-99 and 500-599 and 100-199 and 200-299 m and lowest between 100-199 and 300-399 and 100-199 and 500-599 m. © 2011 The Society for Vector Ecology.
	PMID: 21366785 [PubMed - in process]
	Related citations

6.	J Vector Ecol. 2011 Mar;36 Suppl 1:S71-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2011.00114.x. Spatial and temporal patterns of occurrence of Lutzomyia sand fly species in an endemic area for cutaneous leishma niasis in the Atlantic Forest region of northeast Brazil. Brandão-Filho SP, Donalisio MR, da Silva FJ, Valença HF, Costa PL, Shaw JJ, Peterson AT. Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Av. Moraes Rego S/N, Recife-PE, Brazil Faculty of Medical Sciences/State University of Campinas, SP, Brazil Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas/Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, Brazil. Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas U.S.A. Abstract Sand fly populations of different ecological niches in the Amaraji endemic American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) focus of the Pernambuco Atlantic Forest region of northeastern Brazil were monitored spatiotemporally. Lutzomyia whitmani was dominant in all niches but occurred in smaller numbers in forested locations. L. whitmani was significantly less seasonal than the other species, being present throughout the year while other species were more abundant between February and April. These results suggest that L. whitmani may potentially be the principal vector of ACL in the region, even though the sand fly fauna was diverse: 88% were L.whitmani and 12% belonged to 11 other species. Two other species, L. complexa (1.3%) and L. migonei (0.8%), considered to be ACL vectors in other regions, were also present. This detailed picture of the sand fly population's abundance and spatiotemporal distribution provides a basis for future modeling studies of forecasting sand fly activity patterns and ACL occurence. © 2011 The Society for Vector Ecology.
	PMID: 21366783 [PubMed - in process]
	Related citations

7.	J Vector Ecol. 2011 Mar;36 Suppl 1:S58-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2011.00112.x. Ecol ogical genomics of sand fly salivary gland genes: An overview. Coutinho-Abreu IV, Ramalho-Ortigao M. Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, 123 W. Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, U.S.A. Abstract Sand fly saliva contains an array of bioactive molecules that facilitate blood feeding and also function as modulators of the vertebrate immune response. Such a complex of biologically active molecules was shown to be both conserved and divergent among sand fly species. It is likely that expression of sand fly salivary molecules could be modulated by environmental factors, both biotic and abiotic, that ultimately dictate the quality, and possibly quantity, of the secreted saliva. Carbohydrates are an integral part of the sand fly diet, and sugar-sources found in natural habitats are potentially involved in defining the profile of sand fly saliva, and may influence vectorial capacity. Saliva can drive the outcome of Leishmania infection in animal models, and salivary molecules are potential targets for development of vaccines to control Leishmania infection. Thus, identifying what environmental factors effectively modulate sand fly saliva in the field is a critical step towards the development of meaningful protection strategies against leishmaniasis that are based on salivary compounds from sand fly vectors. © 2011 The Society for Vector Ecology.
	PMID: 21366781 [PubMed - in process]
	Related citations

8.	J Vector Ecol. 2011 Mar;36 Suppl 1:S49-57. doi: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2011.00111.x. Intraspecific variability of natural populations of Phlebotomus sergenti, the main vector of Leishmania tropica. Dvorak V, Votypka J, Aytekin AM, Alten B, Volf P. Department of Parasitology, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, 128 44, Czech Republic Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ecology Division 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey. Abstract An intraspecific study of Phlebotomus sergenti was performed on populations from Turkey, Syria, Israel, and Uzbekistan by four different approaches: geometric morphometrics, RAPD analysis, internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequencing (nuclear marker), and cytochrome B sequencing (mitochondrial marker). In RAPD analysis, distinct clades were formed in accordance with the geographical origin of the specimens. There was no distinct grouping according to place of origin within the Turkish samples from various localities in south-eastern Anatolia, which suggests a gene flow between populations separated spatially by the Amanos mountains, a mountain range of a considerable altitude. The results of ITS2 rDNA sequencing complied with the previously published intraspecific division of P. sergenti into two branches, northeastern and southwestern. However, mtDNA haplotypes formed three lineages with specimens from Turkey and Israel, sharing a common clade. A previously postulated hypothesis about a complex of sibling species within P. sergenti is therefore questionable. Cytochrome B seems to be a more discriminative marker for intraspecific variability assessment. © 2011 The Society for Vector Ecology.
	PMID: 21366780 [PubMed - in process]
	Related citations

9.	J Vector Ecol. 2011 Mar;36 Suppl 1:S32-48. doi: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2011.00110.x. Genetic structures of sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) populations in a leishmaniasis endemic region of Turkey. Belen A, Kucukyildirim S, Alten B. Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ecology Division, ESRL Laboratories, 06800, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Division, 06800, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey. Abstract The object of this study was to determine the genetic structures of three vector species, Phlebotomus tobbi, Phlebotomus papatasi, and Phlebotomus sergenti, in the Cukurova Region of Turkey, an endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The genetic diversity indices, neutrality tests and hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) were performed using partial sequences of ITS2 and cytochrome b gene regions. In all species, within population genetic variation was higher than between population variation for ITS2 gene region. Fst values were low and non-significant for P. sergenti, and were higher for P. papatasi and P. tobbi indicating a weak structuring between populations. AMOVA tests suggest any substantial isolation between populations within species. AMOVA analysis of cyt b gene region revealed significant genetic structuring between populations for P. papatasi and P. sergenti. Fst values were relatively high and significant for these species indicating a certain degree of isolation between populations. However, in P. tobbi, any significant population genetic structuring was detected. Tajima's D and Fu's Fs values were negative and significant in all three species might be indicating a demographic expansion. © 2011 The Society for Vector Ecology.
	PMID: 21366779 [PubMed - in process]
	Related citations

10.	J Vector Ecol. 2011 Mar;36 Suppl 1:S23-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2011.00109.x. Ecology and control of the sand fl y vectors of Leishmania donovani in East Africa, with special emphasis on Phlebotomus orientalis. Elnaiem DE. Department of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, U.S.A. Abstract A literature review is provided on the state of knowledge of the ecology and control of the sand fly vectors of Leishmania donovani in East Africa, with a special emphasis on Phlebotomus orientalis. Visceral leishmaniasis caused by L. donovani is a major health problem in several areas in East Africa. Studies conducted in the past 70 years identified P. orientalis Parrot and P. martini Parrot as the principal vectors of L. donovani in Sudan, Ethiopia and Kenya and P. celiae Minter as the secondary vector of the parasite in one focus in Ethiopia. Findings on sand fly fauna and other circumstantial evidence indicate that P. martini is also responsible for transmission of L. donovani in VL endemic foci of Somalia and Uganda. Several studies showed that P. orientalis occupy distinct habitat characterized by black cotton soil and Acacia seyal-Balanites aegyptiaca vegetation, whereas P. martini and P. celiae are associated with termite mounds. Little knowledge exists on effective control measures of sand fly vectors of L. donovani in East Africa. However, recent evidence showed that use of insecticide impregnated bednets and insect repellents may reduce exposure to the bites of P. orientalis. © 2011 The Society for Vector Ecology.
	PMID: 21366778 [PubMed - in process]
	Related citations