This message contains My NCBI what's new results from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).
Do not reply directly to this message.
Sender's message:
Sent on Wednesday, 2011 May 18Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
Click here to view complete results in PubMed. (Results may change over time.)
To unsubscribe from these e-mail updates click here.
| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Braz J Med Biol Res. 2011 May 13. pii: S0100-879X2011007500062. [Epub ahead of print]Dynamics of immunosuppression in hamsters with experimental visceral leishmaniasis.Fazzani C, Guedes PA, Senna A, Souza EB, Goto H, Lindoso JA.SourceLaboratório de Soroepidemiologia e Imunobiologia (LIM-38), Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo. |
| Related citations | |
| 2. | Bioinformation. 2011 Apr 22;6(3):107-10.Antimony resistance during Visceral Leishmaniasis: A possible consequence of serial mutations in ABC transporters of Leishmania species.Sinha S, Sundaram S, Kumar V, Tripathi A.SourceCentre for Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh - 211002, India. AbstractVisceral Leishmaniasis is a macrophage associated disorder for the treatment of which antimony based drugs like SAG and SSG were the first choice in the recent past. The clinical value of antimony therapy is now declined against VL because increasing cases of Sodium Antimony Gluconate (SAG) resistance have reached outstanding proportion in Bihar, India. Within this context we looked into the protein sequences of ABC transporters of Leishmania spp associated with Visceral Leishmaniasis that are known to play a crucial role in the development of multidrug resistance (MDR). Our studies consisting of ClustalW, Phylogeny and TCOFFEE have pinpointed that ABC transporters have enormously diverged during the process of evolution even within the identical species strains resulting in insignificant homology and subdued conservation amongst the aminoacid residues. Moreover these amino acid residues remain susceptible to mutations in evolutionary era as indicated by high frequency of variations by the variability studies. Hence we predict that during the process of evolution a series of frequent mutations might have led to changes in the ABC transporters favorable to effluxing the drug thereby making the Leishmania species prone to resistance against the efficient first line drug SAG, used for combating VL. This selection has made them to survive efficiently in the adverse circumstances of antimony based antileishmanial therapy regime. |
| Related citations | |
| 3. | Case Report Med. 2011;2011:561985. Epub 2011 Mar 10.Visceral leishmaniasis with endobronchial involvement in an immunocompetent adult.Kotsifas K, Metaxas E, Koutsouvelis I, Skoutelis A, Kara P, Tatsis G.SourcePulmonary Medicine Department, Evaggelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ypsilantou Street, 10676 Athens, Greece. AbstractVisceral leishmaniasis is characterized by fever, cachexia, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, and hypergammaglobulinemia. Cough may be a presenting symptom as well. However, pulmonary involvement is considered rare and mainly described in immunocompromised patients. We describe a case of an immunocompetent adult whose clinical presentation was dominated by cough and hemoptysis. Bronchoscopy revealed a discreet polypoid mucosal endobronchial lesion whose biopsy yielded Leishmania amastigotes within histiocytes. Transbronchial needle biopsy of a right paratracheal lymph node was also positive. Leishmania amastigotes were also found on bone marrow and liver biopsies. Treatment with IV Amphotericin B was successful. In conclusion, cough should not be overlooked as a presenting symptom of visceral leishmaniasis and may be a sign of pulmonary involvement. |
| Related citations | |
| 4. | Infect Immun. 2011 May 16. [Epub ahead of print]Sphingolipid degradation by Leishmania is required for its resistance to acidic pH in the mammalian host.Xu W, Xin L, Soong L, Zhang K.SourceDepartment of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409. AbstractLeishmania parasites alternate between flagellated promastigotes in sandflies and non-flagellated amastigotes in mammals, causing a spectrum of serious diseases. To survive, they must resist the harsh conditions in phagocytes (including acidic pH, elevated temperature, and increased oxidative/nitrosative stress) and evade the immune response. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of sphingolipid (SL) metabolism in Leishmania virulence. In particular, we have generated a L. major mutant iscl(-) which is deficient in SL degradation but grows normally as promastigotes in culture. Importantly, iscl(-) mutants cannot induce pathology in either immunocompetent or immunodeficient mice, yet are able to persist at low levels. In this study, we investigated how the degradation of SLs might contribute to Leishmania infection. First, unlike wild type (WT) L. major, iscl(-) mutants do not trigger polarized T cell responses in mice. Second, similar to WT parasites, iscl(-) mutants possess the ability to downregulate macrophage activation by suppressing the production of IL-12 and nitric oxide. Third, during the stationary phase, iscl(-) promastigotes were extremely vulnerable to acidic pH, but not to other adverse conditions such as elevated temperature and oxidative/nitrosative stress. In addition, inhibition of phagosomal acidification significantly improved iscl(-) survival in murine macrophages. Together, these findings indicate that SL degradation by Leishmania is essential for its adaption to the acidic environment in phagolysosomes but is not required for the suppression of host cell activation. Finally, our studies with iscl(-)-infected mice suggest that having viable, persistent parasites is not sufficient to provide immunity against virulent Leishmania challenge. |
| Related citations | |
| 5. | Exp Parasitol. 2011 May 7. [Epub ahead of print]Photodynamic therapy for American cutaneous leishmaniasis: The efficacy of methylene blue in hamsters experimentally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonen sis.Peloia LS, Biondo CE, Kimura E, Politi MJ, Lonardoni MV, Aristides SM, Dorea RC, Hioka N, Silveira TG.SourceDepartamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) using Methylene Blue (MB) as the photosensitizing compound and a Light-Emitting Diode (LED) in American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). Hamsters were experimentally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. After the development of the lesions in the footpad, the animals were treated with MB three times a week for 3months. Ten minutes after each application of MB, the lesions were irradiated with LED for 1h. The lesions were evaluated weekly by the measurement of the hamster footpad thickness. At the end of the treatment the parasitic load was quantified in the regional lymph node of the hamsters. The treatment promoted a decrease in the thickness of infected footpad (P=0.0001) and reduction in the parasitic load in the regional lymph node (P=0.0007) of the animals from group treated with MB+LED. PDT using MB+LED in ACL caused by L. amazonensis shows a strong photodynamic effect. This therapy is very promising, once it is an inexpensive system and the own patient can apply it in their wound and in their house without the need of technical assistance. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
| Related citations | |
| 6. | Exp Parasitol. 2011 May;128(1):91-6. Epub 2011 Feb 12.Trypanosoma evansi: a comparative study of four diagn ostic techniques for trypanosomosis using rabbit as an experimental model.Ramírez-Iglesias JR, Eleizalde MC, Gómez-Piñeres E, Mendoza M.SourceUniversidad Nacional Experimental Simón Rodríguez, Instituto de Estudios Científicos y Tecnológicos, Centro de Estudios Biomédicos y Veterinarios, Caracas, Venezuela. AbstractThe goal of this study was to compare two parasitological diagnostic techniques, such as by Micro-Haematocrit Centrifugation Technique (MHCT) and Direct Microscopic Examination (DME) with a serological method (iELISA), and a molecular procedure PCR, in rabbits experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi, in order to determine their sensitivity throughout the course of disease. The parasitological methods were not able of detecting the presence of the parasite during the phases of low parasitemia, the prepatency period and the chronic phase. In contrast, PCR detected T. evansi in the prepatency and chronic phase, when increase the amount of DNA from 100 to 300ng. 100% detection was observed with iELISA only in the chronic stage of the disease. In the acute phase, all samples were positively diagnosed using either MHCT or PCR, whereas only few samples were diagnosed by DME. Samples obtained from day 15 post infection were also detected by iELISA. The highest diagnostic register during the course of infection was achieved by the PCR technique (93.8%), followed by iELISA (71.1%), MHCT (59%) and DME (13.6%). Therefore, we recommend the use of PCR in epidemiological studies in order to implement sanitary control plans for the improvement of livestock productivity in the country. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
| Related citations | |
 |
No comments:
Post a Comment