What's new for 'Trypanosomatids' in PubMed

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Sent on Saturday, 2011 Jul 02
Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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PubMed Results

Items 1 - 4 of 4

1.	EMBO Rep. 2011 Jul 1. doi: 10.1038/embor.2011.111. [Epub ahead of print] In vivo study in Trypanosoma brucei links mitochondrial transfer RNA import to mitochondrial protein import. Tschopp F, Charrière F, Schneider A. Source Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Abstract Trypanosoma brucei imports all mitochondrial transfer RNAs (tRNAs) from the cytosol. By using cell lines that allow independent tetracycline-inducible RNA interference and isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside-inducible expression of a tagged tRNA, we show that ablation of Tim17 and mitochondrial heat-shock protein 70, components of the inner-membrane protein translocation machinery, strongly inhibits import of newly synthesized tRNAs. These findings, together with previous results in yeast and plants, suggest that the requirement for mitochondrial protein-import factors might be a conserved feature of mitochondrial tRNA import in all systems.
	PMID: 21720389 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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2.	Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2011;59(7):855-9. seco-Limonoids and Quinoline Alkaloids from Raputia heptaphylla and Their Antileishmanial Activity. Coy Barrera CA, Coy Barrera ED, Granados Falla DS, Delgado Murcia G, Cuca Suarez LE. Source Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales Vegetales. Abstract A novel seco-limonoid, rel-(1S,5R,9S,7R,8S,9R,10S,11R,13S,14R,15R,17R)-11,19-dihydroxy-7-acetoxy-7-deoxoichangin (raputiolide) (1), and two novel quinolone alkaloids N-methyl-2-phenoxyquinolin-4(1H)-one (heptaphyllone A) (2) and 6-methylbenzofuro[2,3-b]quinolin-4(1H)-one (heptaphyllone B) (3), along with the known seco-limonoid ichangin (4), were isolated from Raputia heptaphylla PITTIER (Rutaceae) stem bark. Five known alkaloids, N-methyl-8-methoxyflindersine (5), skimmianine (6), kokusaginine (7), dictamnine (8) and flindersiamine (9), were also isolated from R. heptaphylla leaves. Their structures were established on the basis of full spectroscopic data interpretation supported by data from the pertinent literature. seco-Limonoid 1 configuration was determined by enhanced nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) experiments and density functional theory (DFT) molecular modeling. The antileishmanial effect of the isolated compounds was evaluated on Leishmania Viannia panamensis (promastigotes and amastigotes). Whereas alkaloids 2-3, 6-8 and limonoid 4 exhibited no significant parasitocide activity against internalized L. (V.) panamensis amastigotes, limonoid 1 and alkaloid 5 had leishmanicidal activity on intracellular amastigotes (EC(50): 8.7 µg/ml) and promastigotes (EC(50): 14.3 µg/ml), respectively.
	PMID: 21720036 [PubMed - in process]
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3.	Trials. 2011 Jun 30;12(1):166. [Epub ahead of print] Safety and Efficacy of miltefosine alone and in combination with sodium stibogluconate and liposomal amphotericin B for the treatment of primary visceral leishmaniasis in East Africa: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Omollo R, Alexander N, Edwards T, Khalil EA, Younis BM, Abuzaid AA, Wasunna M, Njoroge N, Kinoti D, Kirigi G, Dorlo TP, Ellis S, Balasegaram M, Musa AM. Abstract ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Treatment options for Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) in East Africa are far from satisfactory due to cost, toxicity, prolonged treatment duration or emergence of parasite resistance. Hence there is a need to explore alternative treatment protocols such as miltefosine alone or in combinations including miltefosine, sodium stibogluconate (SSG) or liposomal amphotericin B. The aim of this trial is to identify regimen(s) which are sufficiently promising for future trials in East Africa. METHODS: A phase II randomized, parallel arm, open-labelled trial is being conducted to assess the efficacy of each of the three regimens: liposomal amphotericin B with SSG, Liposomal amphotericin B with miltefosine and miltefosine alone. The primary endpoint is cure at day 28 with secondary endpoint at day 210 (6 months). Initial cure is a single composite measure based on parasitologic evaluation (bone marrow, spleen or lymph node aspirate) and clinical assessment. Repeated interim analyses have been planned after recruitment of 15 patients in each arm with a maximum sample size of 63 for each. These will follow group-sequential methods (the triangular test) to identify when a regimen is inadequate (< 75% efficacy) or adequate (> 90% efficacy). We describe a method to ensure consistency of the sequential analysis of day 28 cure with the non-sequential analysis of day 210 cure. DISCUSSION: A regimen with adequate efficacy would be a candidate for treatment of VL with reasonable costs. The design allows repeated testing throughout the trial recruitment period while maintaining good statistical properties (Type I & II error rates) and reducing the expected sample sizes. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01067443 Date of registration: February 10, 2010 Date first patient randomised: May 26, 2010.
	PMID: 21718522 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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4.	Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 May;84(5):808-12. Influence of pregnancy on Trypanosoma cruzi parasitemia in chronically infected women in a rural Bolivian community. Brutus L, Ernould JC, Postigo J, Romero M, Schneider D, Santalla JA. Source UMR216--Mother and Child Facing Tropical Diseases, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Université Paris Descartes, 4 avenue de l’Observatoire, Paris, France. laurent.brutus@ird.fr Abstract To determine the role of pregnancy on Trypanosoma cruzi parasitemia, a matched cohort study was carried out in a rural Bolivian community comparing parasite rates in gravidae, puerperae, and non-pregnant infected women. A selection of 67 chronically infected women, who delivered between March 2004 and May 2005, were initially evaluated during the third trimester of pregnancy and again after delivery. They were matched for age, parity, and location with 104 seropositive non-pregnant women, who likewise had submitted blood for microscopic examination for T. cruzi parasites in June 2005. Seroreactive pregnant women had a higher rate of T. cruzi parasitemia (14.9%) than matched non-pregnant infected women (2.9%; P = 0.004). After delivery, parasitemia significantly decreased during puerperium (1.5%) compared with the period of pregnancy (14.9%; P = 0.03). This study showed an increase of parasite loads in maternal peripheral blood, during the third trimester, and a significant decline after delivery. PMCID: PMC3083752 [Available on 2012/5/5]
	PMID: 21540394 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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