What's new for 'Trypanosomatids' in PubMed

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Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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PubMed Results

Items 1 - 10 of 11

1.	Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Nov;85(5):897-899. A Cutaneous Ulcer Resulting from Mycobacterium ulcerans--Leishmania braziliensis Coinfection in South America. Mougin B, Avenel-Audran M, Hasseine L, Martin L, Cottin J, Pomares C, Delaunay P, Marty P, Ravel C, Chabasse D, Abgueguen P. Source Department of Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France; Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France; Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice et Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Inserm U 895, Equipe 6, Hôpital de l'Archet, Nice Cedex 3 Cedex 1, France; Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France; French Reference Centre on Leishmaniasis, Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Montpellier, France; Department of Parasitology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France. Abstract Abstract. Buruli ulcer is a tropical skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. Its mode of transmission is not yet clearly understood. We report here a cutaneous ulcer in a European traveler in South America resulting from a coinfection detected specifically for Mycobacterium ulcerans and Leishmania braziliensis DNA with real-time polymerase chain reaction. This observation of a unique cutaneous ulcer raises the issue about possible modes of transmission of those two pathogens by the same vector.
	PMID: 22049045 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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2.	Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Nov;85(5):868-72. Tropical skin infections among israeli travelers. Solomon M, Benenson S, Baum S, Schwartz E. Source Department of Dermatology and Center for Geographic Medicine and Tropical Diseases, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. Abstract Abstract. Infectious skin disorders are common dermatologic illnesses in travelers. Knowledge of post-travel-related infectious skin disorders will allow for effective pre- and post-travel counseling. All cases of returning travelers seen in our center seeking care for infectious skin diseases were included in this study. For a comparison, data on returned travelers with non-infectious skin diseases and healthy travelers who had pre-travel consultations in our institution were also analyzed. Altogether, skin-related diagnosis was reported in 540 ill travelers, and among them, 286 (53%) had infectious skin diseases. Tropical skin infection was diagnosed in 64% of the infectious cases. Travelers returning from Latin America were significantly more ill with tropical skin infections than those traveling to Asia and Africa, The most common diagnoses were cutaneous leishmaniasis, myiasis, and cutaneous larva migrans. In conclusion, tropical skin infections are common among Israeli travelers, especially among those who visited Latin America.
	PMID: 22049040 [PubMed - in process]
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3.	Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Nov;85(5):847-56. Phlebotomine vector ecology in the domestic transmission of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in chaparral, Colombia. Ferro C, Marín D, Góngora R, Carrasquilla MC, Trujillo JE, Rueda NK, Marín J, Valderrama-Ardila C, Alexander N, Pérez M, Munstermann LE, Ocampo CB. Source Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia; Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas, Cali, Colombia; Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia; Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut. Abstract Abstract. Phlebotomine vector ecology was studied in the largest recorded outbreak of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia in 2004. In two rural townships that had experienced contrasting patterns of case incidence, this study evaluated phlebotomine species composition, seasonal abundance, nocturnal activity, blood source, prevalence of Leishmania infection, and species identification. CDC miniature light traps were used to trap the phlebotomines. Traps were set indoors, peridomestically, and in woodlands. Natural infection was determined in pools by polymerase chain reaction-Southern blot, and blood sources and species identification were determined by sequencing. Large differences were observed in population abundance between the two townships evaluated. Lutzomyia longiflocosa was the most abundant species (83.1%). Abundance was higher during months with lower precipitation. Nocturnal activity was associated with human domestic activity. Blood sources identified were mainly human (85%). A high prevalence of infection was found in L. longiflocosa indoors (2.7%) and the peridomestic setting (2.5%). L. longiflocosa was responsible for domestic transmission in Chaparral.
	PMID: 22049038 [PubMed - in process]
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4.	Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Nov;85(5):839-846. Current Knowledge of Leishmania Vectors in Mexico: How Geographic Distributions of Species Relate to Transmission Areas. González C, Rebollar-Téllez EA, Ibáñez-Bernal S, Becker-Fauser I, Martínez-Meyer E, Peterson AT, Sánchez-Cordero V. Source Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, and Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Zoología de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Nuevo León, Mexico; Instituto de Ecología, AC Red Ambiente y Sustentabilidad, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico; Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hospital General de México, Mexico City, Mexico; Biodiversity Institute, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas. Abstract Abstract. Leishmaniases are a group of vector-borne diseases with different clinical manifestations caused by parasites transmitted by sand fly vectors. In Mexico, the sand fly Lutzomyia olmeca olmeca is the only vector proven to transmit the parasite Leishmania mexicana to humans, which causes leishmaniasis. Other vector species with potential medical importance have been obtained, but their geographic distributions and relation to transmission areas have never been assessed. We modeled the ecological niches of nine sand fly species and projected niches to estimate potential distributions by using known occurrences, environmental coverages, and the algorithms GARP and Maxent. All vector species were distributed in areas with known recurrent transmission, except for Lu. diabolica, which appeared to be related only to areas of occasional transmission in northern Mexico. The distribution of Lu. o. olmeca does not overlap with all reported cutaneous leishmaniasis cases, suggesting that Lu. cruciata and Lu. shannoni are likely also involved as primary vectors in those areas. Our study provides useful information of potential risk areas of leishmaniasis transmission in Mexico.
	PMID: 22049037 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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5.	Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Nov;85(5):820-5. Epidemiology of leishmaniasis in Spain based on hospitalizat ion records (1997-2008). Gil-Prieto R, Walter S, Alvar J, de Miguel AG. Source Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Medical Immunology and Microbiology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain; Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Leishmaniasis Control Program, Department of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva 27, Switzerland. Abstract Abstract. All the records from the Spanish information system for hospital data of patients diagnosed with leishmaniasis during a 12-year period (1997-2008) were studied. The 2,028 individuals were hospitalized because of leishmaniasis, as indicated by the principal diagnostic code. The average hospitalization rate was 0.41/100,000 inhabitants. One-third of them were co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The incidence of hospitalization in the adult population with leishmaniasis co-infected with HIV increased with age, peaked at 35-39 years of age and subsequently declined. In the pediatric population, all leishmaniasis cases occurred in HIV-negative children. Incidence of hospitalizations was highest in Madrid and in the Mediterranean coast. The cost per inpatient hospital care was $9,601 corresponding to an annual direct cost of more than $1.5 million for inpatient care alone. The economical burden of leishmaniasis is not neglectable and in the 12-year study period it represented more than $19 million.
	PMID: 22049034 [PubMed - in process]
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6.	Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Nov;85(5):818-9. Can we use a lower dose of liposomal amphotericin B for the treatment of mucosal american leishmaniasis? Amato VS, Tuon FF, Camargo RA, Souza RM, Santos CR, Nicodemo AC. Source Division of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Infectious Diseases University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil; Division of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Hospital Universitário Evangélico de Curitiba, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Laboratório de Investigação Médica-Parasitologia, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil. Abstract Abstract. Liposomal amphotericin B has been used as an alternative treatment of mucosal leishmaniasis, but the optimal dose is not established. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical outcome of eight patients with mucosal leishmaniasis treated with liposomal amphotericin B. The mean total dose was 35 mg/kg (range 24-50 mg/kg), which resulted in the healing of all the lesions in all patients and no recurrences were observed during the follow-up period (mean 25 months; range 7-40 months).
	PMID: 22049033 [PubMed - in process]
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7.	Hum Vaccin. 2011 Nov 1;7(11). [Epub ahead of print] Leishmaniasis. Ked zierski L. Source Inflammation Division, Walter+Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia. Abstract Leishmaniasis is a disease that ranges in severity from skin lesions to serious disfigurement and fatal systemic infection. WHO has classified the disease as emerging and uncontrolled and estimates that the infection results in two million new cases a year. There are 12 million people currently infected worldwide, and leishmaniasis threatens 350 million people in 88 countries. Vaccination remains the best hope for control of all forms of the disease, and the development of a safe, effective and affordable antileishmanial vaccine is a critical global public-health priority. However, to date, no such vaccine is available despite substantial efforts by many laboratories. Main obstacle in vaccine design is the transition from the laboratory to the field and extrapolation of data from animal models to humans. This review discusses recent findings in the antileishmania vaccine field and current difficulties hampering vaccine implementation.
	PMID: 22048116 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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8.	Insect Mol Biol. 2011 Aug;20(4):529-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2011.01084.x. Epub 2011 May 25. Pathways to immunity: temporal dynamics of the bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) immune response against a trypanosomal gut parasite. Riddell CE, Sumner S, Adams S, Mallon EB. Source Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. criddell@staffmail.ed.ac.uk Abstract Immune response dynamics in insects from natural host-parasite associations are poorly understood, despite accumulating evidence of ecological immune phenomena in these systems. Using a gene discovery approach, we have identified genes relating to signalling, enzymatic processes and respiration that were up-regulated in the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, during infection with the trypanosomatid parasite, Crithidia bombi. In addition, we have mapped dynamic changes in the temporal expression of these genes and three candidate antimicrobial peptide (AMP) immune genes, Abaecin, Defensin and Hymenoptaecin, from 1 to 24 h after C. bombi infection. We show that dynamic changes in expression occur for individual genes at distinct phases of the immune response to C. bombi that correspond to early, intermediate and late stages of infection. © 2011 The Authors. Insect Molecular Biology © 2011 The Royal Entomological Society.
	PMID: 21615578 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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9.	Parasite Immunol. 2011 Aug;33(8):461-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2011.01294.x. Antimicrobial peptide killing of African trypanosomes. Harrington JM. Source Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA. jmharrin@uga.edu). Abstract The diseases caused by trypanosomes are medically and economically devastating to the population of Sub-Saharan Africa. Parasites of the genus Trypanosoma infect both humans, causing African sleeping sickness, and livestock, causing Nagana. The development of effective treatment strategies has suffered from severe side effects of approved drugs, resistance and major difficulties in delivering drugs. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are ubiquitous components of immune defence and are being rigorously pursued as novel sources of new therapeutics for a variety of pathogens. Here, we review the role of AMPs in the innate immune response of the tsetse fly to African trypanosomes, catalogue trypanocidal AMPs from diverse organisms and highlight the susceptibility of bloodstream form African trypanosomes to killing by unconventional toxic peptides. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. PMCID: PMC3138831 [Available on 2012/8/1]
	PMID: 21517904 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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10.	Parasite Immunol. 2011 Aug;33(8):430-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2011.01280.x. How the African trypanosomes evade host immune killing. Namangala B. Source Department of Paraclinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. b.namangala@unza.zm Abstract Unlike other protozoan parasites, African trypanosomes never enter the host cell at any stage of their development. Instead, these parasites swim freely in the immunologically hostile host tissue fluids. During the course of infection, a complex interaction between the host immune responses and trypanosome survival strategies occurs. Continued contacts with the host's immune system occurring during the course of infection could have provided strong selection pressure for African trypanosomes to evolve very sophisticated mechanisms to evade immune killing to survive the hostile immunological environment in the infected host. This review discusses some of the documented immunological evasion mechanisms African trypanosomes employ for their survival and perpetuity. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
	PMID: 21261664 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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