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Sent on Tuesday, 2011 December 27Search: kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Indian J Med Res. 2011 Nov;134(5):709-16.Antiparasitic activity of plumericin & isoplumericin isolated from Plumeria bicolor against Leishmania donovani.Sharma U, Singh D, Kumar P, Dobhal MP, Singh S.SourceDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. AbstractBackground & objectives: The severe toxicity, exorbitant cost and emerging resistance of Leishmania species against most of the currently used drugs underscores the urgent need for the alternative drugs. The present study evaluates in vitro anti-leishmanial activity of Plumeria bicolor and its isolated compounds. Methods: The in vitro anti-parasitic activity of chloroform extract of Plumeria bicolor, plumericin and isoplumericin were tested alongwith appropriate controls against promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania donovani using 96 well microtiter plate. The concentration used for assessing the anti-leishmanial activity of extract of Plumeria bicolor and both isolated compounds were 100 μg/ml and 15 μM, respectively. The viability of the cells was assessed by MTT assay. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was performed against J774G8 murine macrophage cells lines at the concentration of 30 μM. Results: The Plumeria bicolor extract showed activity with the IC 50 of 21±2.2 and 14±1.6 μg/ml against promastigote and amastigote forms of L. donovani, respectively. Plumericin consistently showed high activity with the IC 50 of 3.17±0.12 and 1.41±0.03 μM whereas isoplumericin showed the IC50 of 7.2±0.08 μM and 4.1±0.02 μM against promastigote and amastigote forms, respectively. Cytotoxic effect of the chloroform extract of P. bicolor, plumericin and isoplumericin was evaluated in murine macrophage (J774G8) model with CC50 value of 75±5.3 μg/ml, 20.6±0.5 and 24±0.7 μM, respectively. Interpretation & conclusions: Our results indicated that plumericin showed more potent activity than isoplumericin and might be a promising anti-leishmanial agent against L. donovani. |
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| 2. | Tunis Med. 2011 Dec;89(12):954.Visceral leishmaniasis in renal transplant patient.Trabelsi S, Bouchekoua M, Aloui D, Sellami A, Bacha M, Abderrahim E, Ben Abdallah T, Khedher A, Khaled S. |
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| 3. | Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2011 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print][Leishmaniasis in Constantine (Algeria): Review of five years (2006-2010) at the University Hospital.] [Article in French] Fendri AH, Beldjoudi W, Ahraou S, Djaballah M.SourceLaboratoire de parasitologie, CHU Benbadis, Constantine, Algérie, fendri_constantine@yahoo.fr. AbstractIn Algeria, leishmaniasis evolves in an endemoepidemic way. A peak of 30,227 cases of alert was reached in 2005. Our retrospective study was conducted over a period of five years (2006 to 2010), during which we examined 352 skin samples and 892 marrow aspirate smears. The distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases by age shows that all ages are affected with extremes of 10 months and 95 years. The model class is between 20 and 30 years with 67 cases. Lesions are usually single, reaching the face; the most common is seen in 53% of cases. About visceral leishmaniasis, the child pays the heaviest price. A rate of 87% of visceral leishmaniasis is listed under 14 years. The youngest is an infant of 8 months, which shows a high incidence of the disease. The evolution of the disease in these five years shows a real regression of visceral leishmaniasis cases, from 13 cases in 2006 to 5 cases in 2010. This leishmaniasis is clearly declining in Algeria, but the prevalence remains high, mainly in rural areas. |
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| 4. | J Clin Rheumatol. 2012 Jan;18(1):59.Visceral leishmaniasis in a rheumatoid arthritis patient treated with methotrexate.Karagiannidis GS, Mantzourani M, Meletis J, Anastasopoulou AN, Vaiopoulos GA.Source1First Department of Internal Medicine "Laikon" General Hospital Athens, Greece; 2Department of Hematology "Laikon" General Hospital Athens, Greece; 3First Department of Internal Medicine "Laikon" General Hospital Athens, Greece Vagiop@med.uoa.gr. |
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| 5. | Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Dec 14. [Epub ahead of print]Heat shock protein 90 from neglected protozoan parasites.Roy N, Nageshan RK, Ranade S, Tatu U.AbstractSignificant advances have been made in our understanding of Hsp90 in terms of its structure, biochemical characteristics, post-translational modifications, interactomes, regulation and function. In addition to yeast as a model several new systems have now been examined including flies, worms, plants as well as mammalian cells. This review discusses themes emerging out of studies reported on Hsp90 from infectious disease causing protozoa. A common theme of sensing and responding to host cell microenvironment emerges out of analysis of Hsp90 in Malaria, Trypanosmiasis as well as Leishmaniasis. In addition to their functional roles, the potential of Hsp90 from these infectious disease causing organisms to serve as drug targets and the current status of this drug development endeavor are discussed. Finally, a unique and the only known example of a split Hsp90 gene from another disease causing protozoan Giardia lamblia and its evolutionary significance are discussed. Clearly studies on Hsp90 from protozoan parasites promise to reveal important new paradigms in Hsp90 biology while exploring its potential as an anti-infective drug target. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90). Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier B.V. |
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| 6. | Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011 Dec 8. [Epub ahead of print]In vitro and in silico studies of polycondensed diazine systems as anti-parasitic agents.Almerico AM, Tutone M, Guarcello A, Lauria A.SourceDipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari e Biomolecolari (STEMBIO) Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Biologica, Università di Palermo Via Archirafi, 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy. AbstractParasitic diseases caused by protozoarian agents are still relevant today more than ever. Recently, we synthesized several polycondensed diazine derivatives by means 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. A broad selection of these compounds were submitted to in vitro biological screening against Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania infantum, Trypanosoma brucei, and Trypanosoma cruzi, resulting active at micromolar level. Induced Fit Docking/MM-GBSA studies were performed giving interesting indications about the probable mechanism of action of the most active compounds. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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| 7. | J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2011 Oct;7(5):632-9.AmbiOnp: solid lipid nanoparticles of amphotericin B for oral administration.Patel PA, Patravale VB.SourceDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parikh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India. AbstractAmphotericin B is the most effective gold standard drug against various fungal infections, especially in second line treatment of leishmaniasis. However, its usefulness is limited due to severe nephrotoxicity, which may lead to kidney failure. Due to its poor oral bioavailability, it is often administered parenterally to patients suffering from systemic fungal infection or visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar). In this investigation, solid lipid nanoparticles were formulated for oral administration of Amphotericin B. For this purpose, novel microemulsion based nanoprecipitation technique was employed. The influence of process variables such as sonication and dialysis time was studied. The optimized formulation was characterized for parameters such as particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, drug content and entrapment efficiency. The pH stability of the developed Amphotericin B solid lipid nanoparticles (AmbiOnp) at pH 1.2, 4, 6.8 values demonstrated enhanced protection of entrapped Amphotericin B. Further, single dose acute toxicity study established the safety of AmbiOnp for oral administration. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies revealed increase in % relative bioavailability of AmbiOnp in comparison to the plain drug. Additionally, the t1/2 of encapsulated Amphotericin B was significantly greater than that of plain drug, indicating the controlled release of Amphotericin B from AmbiOnp. Overall, the developed formulation; AmbiOnp was found to be successful in oral delivery of Amphotericin B. |
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