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Sent on Thursday, 2011 December 29Search: kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Clin Dev Immunol. 2012;2012:865708. Epub 2011 Dec 8.Characterization of Chronic Cutaneous Lesions from TNF-Receptor-1-Deficient Mice Infected by Leishmania major.Oliveira CF, Manzoni-de-Almeida D, Mello PS, Natale CC, Santiago Hda C, Miranda Lda S, Ferraz FO, Dos Santos LM, Teixeira MM, Arantes RM, Vieira LQ.SourceDepartamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenue Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. AbstractLeishmania major-infected TNF receptor 1 deficient (TNFR1 KO) mice resolve parasitism but fail to resolve lesions, while wild-type mice completely heal. We investigated the cell composition, cytokine production, and apoptosis in lesions from L. major-infected TNFR1 KO and wild-type (WT) mice. Chronic lesions from L. major-infected TNFR1 KO mice presented larger number of CD8+ T and Ly6G+ cells. In addition, higher concentrations of mRNA for IFN-γ CCL2 and CCL5, as well as protein, but lower numbers of apoptotic cells, were found in lesions from TNFR1 KO mice than in WT, at late time points of infection. Our studies showed that persistent lesions in L. major-infected TNFR1 KO mice may be mediated by continuous migration of cells to the site of inflammation due to the presence of chemokines and also by lower levels of apoptosis. We suggest that this model has some striking similarities to the mucocutaneous clinical form of leishmaniasis. |
| 2. | Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2011;35(3):125-128. doi: 10.5152/tpd.2011.31.Serological Monitoring of Paediatric Visceral Leishmaniasis By IFA and ELISA Methods.Sakru N, Töz SO, Korkmaz M, Ozbel Y.SourceDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey. AbstractObjective: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in all Mediterranean countries including Turkey, and children are at greater risk than adults in endemic areas. In VL patients, serological assays are considered to be sensitive for the diagnosis and/or follow up. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of serology for following up of childhood VL in Turkey. Methods: Sera obtained from twenty parasitologically confirmed children with VL were tested using IFAT and ELISA. The patients were monitored clinically and serologically (range: 20-500 days) during and after treatment. All VL patients were treated with meglumine antimonate. Results: Anti-Leishmania antibodies in successfully treated VL patients showed a steep decline but, in three patients who had relapsed, an increase was detected. Significantly lower values were observed after treatment with both serological techniques. Mean ELISA optical density values before and after treatment were: 0.78±0.36 (0.26-1.76) and 0.38±0.24 (0.09-0.83) respectively, (p < 0.001) and mean IFAT values (log10 transformed titers) before and after treatment were: 3.02±0.90 (1.81-4.51) and 2.16±0.75 (1.20-3.90) respectively, (p < 0.001). Conclusion: ELISA and IFAT are valuable not only for diagnosis but also for monitoring of drug therapy in childhood visceral leishmaniasis as rapid and non-invasive techniques. (Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2011; 35: 125-8). |
| 3. | Front Biosci. 2012 Jan 1;17:349-74.Multiple roles of proline transport and metabolism in trypanosomatids.Bringaud F, Barrett MP, Zilberstein D.SourceBringaud. AbstractTrypanosomatids are a large family of unicellular eukaryotes, many of which are parasites in higher eukaryotes including man. Much of our understanding of metabolism in these organisms has been gained form the study of the human infective representatives (Trypanosoma brucei subpecies, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp.) which are transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods. The insect vectors of these parasites use proline as a principal carbon and energy source circulating in their haemolymph. Accordingly the insect-forms of the human infectious parasites have evolved to exploit abundant proline when in this environment, but being able to activate different biochemical pathways when in other environments. Interestingly, if glucose is available, metabolic capability can shift to make this carbohydrate the preferred substrate. Proline has also been shown to play key roles in osmoregulation, differentiation in representatives of the group and may even play a role in immunosuppression elicited by the American trypanosome T. cruzi. This review focuses on recent progress in understanding the different aspects of proline metabolism in trypanosomatids, with a particular interest on the insect forms. |
| 4. | Iran J Immunol. 2011 Dec;8(4):244-50.A Leishmania infantum FML-ELISA for the Detection of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in an Endemic Area of Iran.Mohammadi-Ghalehbin B, Hatam GR, Sarkari B, Mohebali M, Zare Z, Jaberipour M, Bohlouli S.SourceCenter for Basic Researches in Infectious Diseases, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,e-mail: hatamghr@sums.ac.ir. AbstractBackground: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is caused by Leishmania infantum in Mediterranean basin and is an endemic disease in some parts of Iran. Canines are the main reservoirs of VL in most of the endemic areas. Different serological methods have been introduced for diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Objective: In this survey a Fucose-Mannose Ligand (FML) ELISA, using native L. infantum antigen, was developed and its validity for detection of infected dogs in comparison with direct agglutination test (DAT) and PCR was evaluated. Methods: Blood samples of sixty ownership dogs (≤ 3 years old) were collected from Meshkin-shahr district in Ardabil province, North-west of Iran. Sera were separated for serological assays (DAT and FML-ELISA) and the buffy coats were collected for molecular evaluation. Results: Two out of the 60 (3.33%) samples were found to be positive (antibody titer of ≥ 1/320) in DAT while seven of the 60 (11.66%) samples were positive by FML-ELISA. Nine out of 60 (15%) buffy coat samples showed a band about 680 bp indicative of L. infantum in PCR. Three out of 60 dogs had Kala-azar symptoms and were positive by PCR and FML-ELISA, while two of these three dogs had antibody titers >1/320 in their serum samples. The sensitivity and specificity of FML-ELISA for the detection of CVL in both symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs were found to be 77.8% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: Considering the acceptable sensitivity and high specificity of FML-ELISA, use of this serological method can be recommended for epidemiological surveys of CVL. |
| 5. | Euro Surveill. 2011 Sep 22;16(38). pii: 19974.Surveillance of Chagas disease in pregnant women in Madrid, Spain, from 2008 to 2010.Flores-Chavez MD, Merino FJ, Garcia-Bujalance S, Martin-Rabadan P, Merino P, Garcia-Bermejo I, Delgado A, Cuadros J; Working Group on Chagas Disease of Autonomous Community of Madrid.Collaborators: Pérez A, Orden B, Betriu C, Cañavate C, Blázquez D, Salto E, Villalta E, Merino FJ, Rojo G, Olabarrieta I, Camaño I, Beceiro J, Cuadros J, Molina L, González-Granado LI, del Álamo M, Estévez MC, del Mar Santos M, Flores M, Penin M, Martínez MR, González M, Llorente M, Girones N, Rojo P, Merino P, Jiménez P, Millán R, García S, Gastañaga T, Garate T. SourceDepartment of Parasitology, National Microbiology Centre, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. AbstractOne of the most important modes of transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in areas where it is not endemic is vertical transmission: from mother to child. The objective of this report is to assess the efficacy of different programmes of serological screening to monitor infection with T. cruzi in pregnant Latin American women living in Madrid (Spain). To achieve this, a retrospective study was undertaken from January 2008 to December 2010 in seven hospitals in the Autonomous Community of Madrid. Serological screening programmes were classified in two main strategies: a selective one (pregnant women from Bolivia) and a universal one (pregnant women from Latin America). A total of 3,839 pregnant women were tested and the overall prevalence was 3.96%. The rate of congenital transmission was 2.6%. The current monitoring programmes have variable coverage ranging between 26% (selective screening) and 100% (universal screening). Monitoring of pregnant women from Latin America only reaches full coverage if universal screening of pregnant women is carried out at any moment of pregnancy, including at delivery. A common national regulation is necessary in order to ensure homogenous implementation of screening. |
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| 6. | Euro Surveill. 2011 Sep 22;16(38). pii: 19972.The current screening programme for congenital transmission of Chagas disease in Catalonia, Spain.Basile L, Oliveira I, Ciruela P, Plasencia A; Working Group For Developing The Catalonian Screening Programme For Congenital Transmission Of Chagas Disease.Collaborators: Admetlla M, Calvo E, Cardeñosa M, Carmona G, Costa D, De la Puente M, Escuriet R, Godoy P, Jané M, Jansa JM, Ollé C, Pueyo MJ, Quesada M, Cutillas S, Gomez i Prat J, Gascón J, Pinazo MJ, Villa J, Coll O, Mas J, Pérez JM, Valls ME, Portús M, Sauleda S, Fernández A, Rodrigo C, Delgado L, Soriano A, Molina I, Albajar-Viñas. SourceGeneral Directorate of Public Health, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. chagas@gencat.cat AbstractDue to considerable numbers of migrants from Chagas disease-endemic countries living in Catalonia, the Catalonian Health Department has recently implemented a screening programme for preventing congenital transmission, targeting Latin American pregnant women who attend antenatal consultations. Diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in women is based on two positive serological tests. Screening of newborns from mothers with positive serology is based on a parasitological test during the first 48 hours of life and/or conventional serological analysis at the age of nine months. If either of these tests is positive, treatment with benznidazole is started following the World Health Organization's recommendations. The epidemiological surveillance of the programme is based on the Microbiological Reporting System of Catalonia, a well established network of laboratories. Once a positive case is reported, the responsible physician is asked to complete a structured epidemiological questionnaire. Clinical and demographic data are registered in the Voluntary Case Registry of Chagas Disease, a database administered by the Catalonian Health Department. It is expected that this programme will improve the understanding of the real burden of Chagas disease in the region. Furthermore, this initiative could encourage the implementation of similar programmes in other regions of Spain and even in other European countries. |
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| 7. | Euro Surveill. 2011 Sep 22;16(38). pii: 19973.Targeted screening and health education for Chagas disease tailored to at-ris k migrants in Spain, 2007 to 2010.Navarro M, Perez-Ayala A, Guionnet A, Perez-Molina JA, Navaza B, Estevez L, Norman F, Flores-Chavez M, Lopez-Velez R.SourceTropical Medicine and Clinical Parasitology, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain. AbstractChagas disease is endemic in Latin America, but migration has expanded the disease's geographical limits. Spain is the most affected country in Europe. From 2007, a specific Chagas disease programme aimed at at-risk migrants was developed in three Spanish cities (Madrid, Jerez de la Frontera and Alicante). The objectives of the programme were to increase participants' knowledge and decrease their fears about the disease and to encourage them to undergo screening for Trypanosoma cruzi infection. The programme was specially focused on migrants from Bolivia and Latin American women of childbearing age. Culturally tailored interventions were carried out in non-clinical settings. A total of 276 migrants were screened using a rapid immunochromatographic test following talks on the disease: the results were then later confirmed by standard serological tests. Of those tested, 44 (15.9%) were confirmed cases of Chagas disease. All of them came from Bolivia and a quarter were pregnant women. Of the 44 cases, 31 were later followed up at a specialised Chagas disease clinic. We consider that the adaptation of the programme to the target population's needs and collaboration with non-governmental organisations and migrants' associations contributed to the acceptance of the programme and the increasing number of patients seen at a specialised clinic. |
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| 8. | Euro Surveill. 2011 Sep 22;16(38). pii: 19971.Clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic abnormalities in Latin American migrants with newly diagnosed Chagas disease 2005-2009, Barcelona, Spain.Valerio L, Roure S, Sabria M, Balanzo X, Valles X, Seres L.SourceNorth Metropolitan International Health Unit, Institut Catala de la Salut, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain. lvalerio.bnm.ics@gencat.sat AbstractFollowing Latin American migration, Chagas disease has inevitably appeared in non-endemic countries in Europe and elsewhere. New policies are necessary to prevent transmission in those countries but the long, often undetected chronic period of the early stages of the disease also renders epidemiological studies important. The main objective of our study was to determine the presence of clinical, electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiographic abnormalities in a population of Latin American migrants infected with Trypanosoma cruzi at the moment of diagnosis. We performed a hospital-based observational study of 100 adult patients with newly diagnosed Chagas infection between January 2005 and December 2009. Thirty-seven patients were classified within the Brazilian Consensus on Chagas cardiomyopathy early cardiac stages (A or B1) and 49 presented pathological findings (stage B2) according to the Panamerican Health Organization Classification. Overall, 49 patients showed ECG and/or echocardiographic alterations. The presence of ECG and ecocardiographic alterations were significantly associated (p=0.038). The most frequent ECG and echocardiographic findings were right bundle branch block (12 cases) and impaired left ventricular wall relaxation (24 cases), respectively. In conclusion, ECG and echocardiographic alterations coherent with Chagas cardiomyopathy were found in a large proportion of newly diagnosed Latin American migrants infected with T. cruzi. In the mid-term, Chagas disease might become an important cause of chronic cadiomyopathy in our attendance area. |
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| 9. | Euro Surveill. 2011 Sep 22;16(38). pii: 19975.The hidden Chagas disease burden in Europe.Albajar-Vinas P, Jannin J. Free Article |
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| 10. | Euro Surveill. 2011 Sep 15;16(37). pii: 19966.EuroTravNet: imported Chagas disease in nine European countries, 2008 to 2009.Perez-Molina J, Perez-Ayala A, Parola P, Jackson Y, Odolini S, Lopez-Velez R; EuroTravNet Network.SourceTropical Medicine, Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Instituto Ramon Y Cajal De Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain. jose.perezmolina@gmail.com |
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