What's new for 'Trypanosomatids' in PubMed

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Sent on Tuesday, 2012 May 29
Search: kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"

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PubMed Results

Items 1 - 7 of 7

1.	Methods Mol Biol. 2012;881:505-29. LeishCyc: A Guide to Building a Metabolic Pathway Database and Visualization of Metabolomic Data. Saunders EC, Macrae JI, Naderer T, Ng M, McConville MJ, Likić VA. Source Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. Abstract The complexity of the metabolic networks in even the simplest organisms has raised new challenges in organizing metabolic information. To address this, specialized computer frameworks have been developed to capture, manage, and visualize metabolic knowledge. The leading databases of metabolic information are those organized under the umbrella of the BioCyc project, which consists of the reference database MetaCyc, and a number of pathway/genome databases (PGDBs) each focussed on a specific organism. A number of PGDBs have been developed for bacterial, fungal, and protozoan pathogens, greatly facilitating dissection of the metabolic potential of these organisms and the identification of new drug targets. Leishmania are protozoan parasites belonging to the family Trypanosomatidae that cause a broad spectrum of diseases in humans. In this work we use the LeishCyc database, the BioCyc database for Leishmania major, to describe how to build a BioCyc database from genomic sequences and associated annotations. By using metabolomic data generated in our group, we show how such databases can be utilized to elucidate specific changes in parasite metabolism.
	PMID: 22639224 [PubMed - in process]

2.	Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2012 Jun;54(3):165-70. Preliminary study towards a novel experimental model to study localized cutaneous leishmaniasis caused bY Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana. Sosa-Bibiano EI, Wynsberghe NR, Canto-Lara SB, Andrade-Narvaez FJ. Source Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México, 97000. Abstract There is not an experimental model of localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana. The aim of the present study was to characterize the clinical and histological features of Peromyscus yucatanicus experimentally infected with L. (L.) mexicana. A total of 54 P. yucatanicus (groups of 18) were inoculated with 1x10(6) promastigotes of L. (L.) mexicana in the base of the tail. They were euthanized at three and six months post experimental infection. The control group was inoculated with RPMI-1640. The predominant clinical sign observed was a single ulcerated lesion in 27.77% (5/18) and in 11.11% (2/18) P. yucatanicus at three and six months respectively. The histological pattern described as chronic granulomatous inflammation with or without necrosis was found in 7/7 (100%) biopsies of euthanized P. yucatanicus at three (n = 5) and six (n = 2) months, respectively. These results resembled clinical and histological features caused by L. (L.) mexicana in humans, and support the possibility to employ P. yucatanicus as a novel experimental model to study LCL caused by this parasite.
	PMID: 22634889 [PubMed - in process]

3.	Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2012 Jun;54(3):159-64. Expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in lesions of patients with tegumentary american leishmaniasis. Tuon FF, Fernandes ER, Duarte MI, Amato VS. Source Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, 05403-000. Abstract OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of expression of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in skin biopsies of patients with American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) caused by Leishmania braziliensis. METHODS: This prospective study evaluated 12 patients with ATL caused by Leishmania braziliensis confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the expression of TLR2 and TLR4. The number of NK cells, dendritic cells and macrophages in the tissue were calculated. The cytokine expression was determined using the anti-TNF-α, anti-IFN-Γ, anti-IL-1 and anti-IL-6. Double immunostaining reactions were used to determine the cell expressing TLR2 and TLR4. RESULTS: The numbers of cells expressing TLR2 and TLR4 were 145.48 ± 82.46 cell/mm² and 3.26 ± 4.11 cell/mm² respectively (p < 0.05). There was no correlation of TLR2 and TLR4 with the amount of cytokines and the number of NK cells, dendritic cells or macrophages. The double immunostaining revealed that TLR2 was expressed by macrophages. CONCLUSION: In human cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis, TLR2 is the most common TLR expressed during active disease, mainly by macrophages although without correlation with the amount of cytokines and number of cells.
	PMID: 22634888 [PubMed - in process]

4.	Bioorg Med Chem. 2012 May 9. [Epub ahead of print] Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts: Biological activities and potentialities to the discovery of new cheaper drugs. Lima-Junior CG, Vasconcellos ML. Source Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal da Paraíba (LASOM-PB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa PB 58059-900, Brazil. Abstract This review aims to present by the first time the Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts (MBHA) as a new class of bioactive compounds and highlight its potentialities to the discovery of new cheaper and efficient drugs. Now, most these compounds can be prepared fast and on a single synthetic step (one-pot reaction) in high yields and using ecofriendly synthetic protocols. We highlight here the aromatic MBHA, which have shown diverse biological activities as anti-Leishmania chagasi and Leishmania amazonensis (parasites that cause cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis), anti-Trypanosoma cruzi (parasite that cause Chagas disease), anti-Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium berghei (parasites that cause malaria), lethal against Biomphalaria glabrata (the snail transmitter of schistosomiasis), antibacterial, antifungal, herbicide and actives against some human tumor cell lines. Understanding of the biological mechanisms of action of this new class of molecules is still in the infancy stage. However, we report here which has been described to date on the possibilities of biological mechanisms of action, and we present new analyzes based on literature in this area. The academic and industrial interest in selecting green and cheaper experiments to the drugs development has been the prime mover of the growth on the subject. Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
	PMID: 22632793 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

5.	Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2012 Jun;26(2):309-22. Epub 2012 Apr 24. Visceral leishmaniasis. van Griensven J, Diro E. Source Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, Antwerp, Belgium. Abstract Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne parasitic disease targeting tissue macrophages. It is among the most neglected infectious diseases. Classical manifestations of VL include chronic fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia. Most cases can be detected through serologic and molecular testing. Although therapy has historically relied on antimonials, newer therapeutic options include conventional or liposomal amphotericin B, paromomycin and miltefosine. Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is increasingly reported and comes with additional diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This article provides an up-to-date clinical review of VL focusing on clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and issues related to HIV coinfection. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
	PMID: 22632641 [PubMed - in process]

6.	Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2012 Jun;26(2):293-307. Epub 2012 Apr 17. Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Goto H, Lauletta Lindoso JA. Source Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Soroepidemiology and Immunobiology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470, predio II, andar 4, São Paulo 05403-000, SP, Brazil. Abstract Tegumentary leishmaniases are caused by approximately 15 species of protozoa of the genus Leishmania. They prevail in tropical and subtropical areas of the Old and New World but human mobility also makes them a medical problem in nonendemic areas. Clinical manifestations may comprise cutaneous and mucocutaneous forms that may be localized, disseminated, or diffuse in distribution and may differ in Old and New World leishmaniases. Diagnosis and treatment vary according to the clinical manifestations, geographic area, and Leishmania species involved. This article highlights the diversity and complexity of tegumentary leishmaniases, which are worsened by human immunodeficiency virus/Leishmania coinfection. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
	PMID: 22632640 [PubMed - in process]

7.	Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2012 Jun;26(2):261-73. Epub 2012 Apr 17. Human african trypanosomiasis. Brun R, Blum J. Source Department Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. Abstract Human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) is caused by the unicellular parasite Trypanosoma brucei and transmitted by tsetse flies. It occurs exclusively in sub-Saharan Africa, usually in rural areas affected by civil conflicts and neglected health systems. Reported cases are fewer than 10,000/year, which classifies it as one of the most neglected tropical diseases. Because sleeping sickness is fatal if not treated, it has to be included in the differential diagnosis of every febrile traveler returning from a game park in East Africa. Elimination of the disease is considered feasible provided better tools for diagnosis and treatment can be made available. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
	PMID: 22632638 [PubMed - in process]