Friday, May 8, 2009

What's new for 'Trypanosomatids' in PubMed

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Sent on Friday, 2009 May 08
Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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PubMed Results
Items 1 -5 of 5

1: Exp Parasitol. 2009 Jun;122(2):145-54.

Sub-optimal dose of Sodium Antimony Gluconate (SAG)-diperoxovanadate combination clears organ parasites from BALB/c mice infected with antimony resistant Leishmania donovani by expanding antileishmanial T-cell repertoire and increasing IFN-gamma to IL-10 ratio.

Haldar AK, Banerjee S, Naskar K, Kalita D, Islam NS, Roy S.

Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.

We demonstrate that the combination of sub-optimal doses of Sodium Antimony Gluconate (SAG) and the diperoxovanadate compound K[VO(O2)2(H2O)], also designated as PV6, is highly effective in combating experimental infection of BALB/c mice with antimony resistant (Sb(R)) Leishmania donovani (LD) as evident from the significant reduction in organ parasite burden where SAG is essentially ineffective. Interestingly, such treatment also allowed clonal expansion of antileishmanial T-cells coupled with robust surge of IFN-c and concomitant decrease in IL-10 production. The splenocytes from the treated animals generated significantly higher amounts of IFN-c inducible parasiticidal effector molecules like superoxide and nitric oxide as compared to the infected group. Our study indicates that the combination of sub-optimal doses of SAG and PV6 may be beneficial for the treatment of SAG resistant visceral leishmaniasis patients.

PMID: 19422069 [PubMed - in process]

2: ChemMedChem. 2009 May 6. [Epub ahead of print]Click here to read

Design and Synthesis of Trypanosoma brucei Active 1-Alkyloxy and 1-Benzyloxyadamantano 2-Guanylhydrazones.

Papanastasiou I, Tsotinis A, Zoidis G, Kolocouris N, Prathalingam SR, Kelly JM.

Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, 157 71 Athens (Greece), Fax.: (+30) 210-7274747.

PMID: 19422003 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

3: J Vet Med Sci. 2009 Apr;71(4):525-7.

A Field study to Estimate the Prevalence of Bovine African Trypanosomosis in Butaleja District, Uganda.

Jing Z, Magona JW, Sakurai T, Thekisoe OM, Otim CP, Sugimoto C, Inoue N.

National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine.

Prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was determined from a total of 203 blood samples collected from Butaleja district, eastern Uganda. All samples were examined by microhematocrit centrifuge test (MHC), PCR and ELISA. ELISA was performed in accordance with the OIE standard procedures using Trypanosoma brucei gambiense procyclic form crude antigens. PCR were utilized to identify the species and the subspecies of trypanosome. The overall prevalence of bovine African trypanosomosis was 8.9% by MHC, and 45.3% by the ELISA. Since substantial number (12 out of 18) of MHC positive samples were negative in the PCR tests, we could not conclude the most epidemic trypanosome species in the studied area. Nevertheless, the PCR results suggests that the most prevalent trypanosome was T. b. brucei (31/203), followed by T. congolense (6/203). In addition, only a few (3/203) mixed infections of T. b. brucei and T. congolense was detected by the PCR. Results obtained from this study indicates that bovine trypanosomosis is endemic in Butaleja district, Uganda.

PMID: 19420862 [PubMed - in process]

4: J Vet Med Sci. 2009 Apr;71(4):471-5.

Stability of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Reagents and its Amplification Efficiency on Crude Trypanosome DNA Templates.

Thekisoe OM, Bazie RS, Coronel-Servian AM, Sugimoto C, Kawazu S, Inoue N.

National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine.

This study evaluated the stability of LAMP reagents when stored at 25 degrees C and 37 degrees C, and also assessed its detection efficiency on different DNA template preparations. Accordingly, LAMP using reagents stored at 25 degrees C and 37 degrees C amplified DNA of in vitro cultured T. b. brucei (GUTat 3.1) from day 1 to day 15 of reagent storage. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in detection sensitivity of LAMP among the reagents stored at 25 degrees C, 37 degrees C and -20 degrees C (recommended storage temperature). LAMP using the reagents stored at above-mentioned temperatures amplified serially diluted DNAs (genomic DNA extracted by phenol-chloroform method, FTA card and hemolysed blood) of T. b. gambiense (IL2343) with high sensitivity. Reactions were conducted on the reagents stored from 1 day to 30 days. LAMP detection sensitivity was poor when fresh blood as DNA template was added directly into reactive solution. Results of this study demonstrated that LAMP has the potential to be used in field conditions for diagnosis of trypanosome infections without being affected by ambient temperatures of tropical and sub-tropical countries where trypanosomosis is endemic.

PMID: 19420851 [PubMed - in process]

5: Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Apr 24. [Epub ahead of print]Click here to read

Discovery of new S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase inhibitors for the treatment of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT).

Hirth B, Barker RH Jr, Celatka CA, Klinger JD, Liu H, Nare B, Nijjar A, Phillips MA, Sybertz E, Willert EK, Xiang Y.

Drug and Biomaterial R&D, Genzyme Corporation, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham, MA 02451, United States.

Modification of the structure of trypanosomal AdoMetDC inhibitor 1 (MDL73811) resulted in the identification of a new inhibitor 7a, which features a methyl substituent at the 8-position. Compound 7a exhibits improved potencies against both the trypanosomal AdoMetDC enzyme and parasites, and better blood brain barrier penetration than 1.

PMID: 19419862 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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