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Sent on Friday, 2010 Jan 08Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Iran J Immunol. 2009 Dec;6(4):208-15.Qualitative and semi-quantitative comparison of an rK39 strip test and direct agglutination test for detection of anti-Leishmania donovani antibodies in the Sudan.Mansour D, Abass EM, Mahamoud A, El Harith A.Emeritus Microbiologist, Wijngaard 155, 8212 CJ, Lelystad, The Netherlands, e-mail: harith17@yahoo.com. Background: Until now, the comparison of the rK39 strip test (RKT) and direct agglutination test (DAT) for detection of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is exclusively based on either positive or negative qualification of the reaction outcome. Objective: In this study, we compared the diagnostic performance of RKT and DAT for VL both qualitatively and semi-quantitatively. Methods: For comparison based on semi-quantitative grounds, the execution of RKT and DAT was according to the standard procedures. For comparison on semi-qualitative grounds with DAT, the RKT was applied to aliquots from positive samples that were two-fold serially diluted in saline to determine, as for the DAT, the end-point reaction in RKT. Results: While qualitatively both RKT and DAT demonstrated comparable reliability for VL detection (sensitivity = 96% and specificity = 98.7% or 99.3%), no significant correlation (r = 0.13) could be established between intensities of their positive reactions in 25 cases studied. A negative correlation was further determined in those 25 VL cases between the positive intensities of the RKT and antibody levels measured semi-quantitatively with the same procedure (r = -0.36) or the DAT (r = -0.30). Irrespective of the low, moderate or high antibody levels measured with RKT (<1:8 and 1:16-1:32 >1:256) or DAT (< 1:25,600 and 1:51,200- 1:409,600 > 1:3,276,800) in patients with confirmed or unconfirmed VL infection, exclusively strong positive intensities were obtained with RKT. Conclusion: For further optimizing diagnosis and simultaneously assessing magnitude of immune response to L. donovani infection in Sudanese patients, the combined application of RKT and DAT is recommended. |
| PMID: 20054109 [PubMed - in process] | |
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| 2. | Iran J Immunol. 2009 Dec;6(4):202-7.Performance of Latex Agglutination Test (KAtex) In Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Iran.Ghatei MA, Hatam GR, Hossini MH, Sarkari B.Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, e-mail: sarkarib@sums.ac.ir. Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an endemic disease in some parts of Iran. Many techniques have been used for diagnosis of VL, among which the urine based latex agglutination test (KAtex) is a promising one. Objective: To compare three diagnostic tests of VL including KAtex, ELISA and Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) in VL patients and healthy controls in the south west of Iran. Methods: Serum (n = 29) and urine samples (n = 31) were collected from parasitologically confirmed VL patients. Control samples were obtained from healthy individuals (n = 61) and also from patients with infectious diseases other than VL. The collected serum samples were tested by DAT and ELISA using crude antigen from promastigotes of Leishmania infantum and the urine samples were tested by KAtex. Results: Sensitivity and specificity of KAtex for diagnosis of VL was found to be 83.9% and 100%, respectively. Sensitivities of DAT and ELISA were 93.1% and 86.2% and their specificities were 100% and 90.5%, respectively. Conclusion: KAtex yielded a satisfactory sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of VL in Iran and can be recommended as a rapid, field applicable and reliable test for diagnosis of VL in this region. |
| PMID: 20054108 [PubMed - in process] | |
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| 3. | Medicina (B Aires). 2009;69(6):625-30.[Distribution of vectors of visceral leishmaniasis in the Province of Corrientes, 2008.][Article in Spanish] Salomón OD, Ramos LK, Quintana MG, Acardi SA, Santini MS, Schneider A.Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-epidemias, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a relevant parasitic disease in public health, produced by Leishmania infantum chagasi. Since the urbanization and emergence in Southern Brazil and Paraguay, the vector Lutzomyia longipalpis in Formosa, 2004, and the first human visceral leishmaniasis case in Misiones, 2006, have been reported in Argentina. Due to the reports of canine VL, a search of the vector in the Province of Corrientes, contiguous to Misiones, was performed during December 2008. Standarized trapping detected 376 Lu. longipalpis in Ituzaingó, Virasoro, Santo Tomé, Garruchos, Riachuelo, Corrientes and Monte Caseros localities. The risk of autochtonous vectorial transmission was then confirmed in the Province of Corrientes. The distribution of vectors in populated urban areas, with intense transit of canine reservoirs from localities with high transmission, and the existence of infected reservoirs, also implies epidemic risk. |
| PMID: 20053601 [PubMed - in process] | |
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| 4. | FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2009 Dec;57(3):247-56. Epub 2009 Sep 1.Cysteine peptidases from Phytomonas serpens: biochemical and immunological approaches.Elias CG, Aor AC, Valle RS, d'Avila-Levy CM, Branquinha MH, Santos AL.Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Prof. Paulo de Góes (IMPPG), Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Phytomonas serpens, a phytoflagellate trypanosomatid, shares common antigens with Trypanosoma cruzi. In the present work, we compared the hydrolytic capability of cysteine peptidases in both trypanosomatids. Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes presented a 10-fold higher efficiency in hydrolyzing the cysteine peptidase substrate Z-Phe-Arg-AMC than P. serpens promastigotes. Moreover, two weak cysteine-type gelatinolytic activities were detected in P. serpens, while a strong 50-kDa cysteine peptidase was observed in T. cruzi. Cysteine peptidase activities were detected at twofold higher levels in the cytoplasmic fraction when compared with the membrane-rich or the content released from P. serpens. The cysteine peptidase secreted by P. serpens cleaved several proteinaceous substrates. Corroborating these findings, the cellular distribution of the cruzipain-like molecules in P. serpens was attested through immunocytochemistry analysis. Gold particles were observed in all cellular compartments, including the cytoplasm, plasma membrane, flagellum, flagellar membrane and flagellar pocket. Interestingly, some gold particles were visualized free in the flagellar pocket, suggesting the release of the cruzipain-like molecule. The antigenic properties of the cruzipain-like molecules of P. serpens were also analyzed. Interestingly, sera from chagasic patients recognized both cellular and extracellular antigens of P. serpens, including the cruzipain-like molecule. These results point to the use of P. serpens antigens, especially the cruzipain-like cysteine-peptidases, as an alternative vaccination approach to T. cruzi infection. |
| PMID: 19780820 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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