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Sent on Friday, 2010 Feb 12Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | N Engl J Med. 2010 Feb 11;362(6):504-12.Single-dose liposomal amphotericin B for visceral leishmaniasis in India.Sundar S, Chakravarty J, Agarwal D, Rai M, Murray HW.From the Kala-Azar Medical Research Center, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India (S.S., J.C., D.A., M.R.); and the Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (H.W.M.). BACKGROUND: Some 50% of patients with visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) worldwide live in the Indian state of Bihar. Liposomal amphotericin B is an effective treatment when administered in short courses. We wanted to determine whether the efficacy of a single infusion of liposomal amphotericin B was inferior to conventional parenteral therapy, consisting of 15 alternate-day infusions of amphotericin B deoxycholate. METHODS: In this open-label study, we randomly assigned 412 patients in a 3:1 ratio to receive either liposomal amphotericin B (liposomal-therapy group) or amphotericin B deoxycholate (conventional-therapy group). Liposomal amphotericin B (at a dose of 10 mg per kilogram of body weight) was given once, and patients were discharged home 24 hours later. Amphotericin B deoxycholate, which was administered in 15 infusions of 1 mg per kilogram, was given every other day during a 29-day hospitalization. We determined the cure rate 6 months after treatment. RESULTS: A total of 410 patients - 304 of 304 patients (100%) in the liposomal-therapy group and 106 of 108 patients (98%) in the conventional-therapy group - had apparent cure responses at day 30. Cure rates at 6 months were similar in the two groups: 95.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 93.4 to 97.9) in the liposomal-therapy group and 96.3% (95% CI, 92.6 to 99.9) in the conventional-therapy group. Adverse events in the liposomal-therapy group were infusion-related fever or rigors (in 40%) and increased anemia or thrombocytopenia (in 2%); such events in the conventional-therapy group were fever or rigors (in 64%), increased anemia (in 19%), and hypokalemia (in 2%). Nephrotoxicity or hepatotoxicity developed in no more than 1% of patients in each group. CONCLUSIONS: A single infusion of liposomal amphotericin B was not inferior to and was less expensive than conventional therapy with amphotericin B deoxycholate. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00628719.) Copyright 2010 Massachusetts Medical Society. |
| PMID: 20147716 [PubMed - in process] | |
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| 2. | N Engl J Med. 2010 Feb 11;362(6):e15.Cutaneous leishmaniasis.Malekpour M, Esfandbod M.Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, sfandbod@sina.tums.ac.ir. |
| PMID: 20147710 [PubMed - in process] | |
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| 3. | Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Feb 10. [Epub ahead of print]Leishmania actin binds and nicks kDNA as well as inhibits decatenation activity of type II topoisomerase.Kapoor P, Kumar A, Naik R, Ganguli M, Siddiqi MI, Sahasrabuddhe AA, Gupta CM.Division of Molecular and Structural Biology, Central Drug Research Institute, Chattar Manzil Palace, Lucknow-226001 and Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi-110007, CSIR, India. Leishmania actin (LdACT) is an unconventional form of eukaryotic actin in that it markedly differs from other actins in terms of its filament forming as well as toxin and DNase-1-binding properties. Besides being present in the cytoplasm, cortical regions, flagellum and nucleus, it is also present in the kinetoplast where it appears to associate with the kinetoplast DNA (kDNA). However, nothing is known about its role in this organelle. Here, we show that LdACT is indeed associated with the kDNA disc in Leishmania kinetoplast, and under in vitro conditions, it specifically binds DNA primarily through electrostatic interactions involving its unique DNase-1-binding region and the DNA major groove. We further reveal that this protein exhibits DNA-nicking activity which requires its polymeric state as well as ATP hydrolysis and through this activity it converts catenated kDNA minicircles into open form. In addition, we show that LdACT specifically binds bacterial type II topoisomerase and inhibits its decatenation activity. Together, these results strongly indicate that LdACT could play a critical role in kDNA remodeling. |
| PMID: 20147461 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
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| 4. | Salud Publica Mex. 2008 Nov-Dec;50(6):508-15.[Epidemiologic knowledge and current situation of Chagas disease in the state of Jalisco, Mexico][Article in Spanish] Lozano-Kasten F, Magallón-Gastélum E, Soto-Gutiérrez M, Kasten-Monges M, Bosseno MF, Brenière SF.Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad de Guadalajara, México. Comment in: Chagas disease in the state of Jalisco, Mexico was described for the first time in 1967; however, knowledge on the disease remains in a slow process. Between 1967 and 2006, the disease was described in its acute and chronic forms. The vector species have been identified, and the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi has been isolated and genetically characterized. Also, the magnitude of the infection in humans has been determined through serological studies of different populations as well as of blood donors. The up-to-dateness of knowledge of the disease in the state of Jalisco, unveils a necessity of increased research on the epidemiology of Chagas disease as well as on clinical studies to assess the health of individuals and the populations. |
| PMID: 19039440 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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