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Sent on Saturday, 2010 Mar 06Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Trends Parasitol. 2010 Mar 2. [Epub ahead of print]How can tsetse population genetics contribute to African trypanosomiasis control?Solano P, Ravel S, de Meeûs T.Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)/Centre International de Recherche pour l'Elevage en zones Subhumides (CIRDES), IRD UMR 177, CIRDES 01 BP 454 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso. In sub-Saharan Africa, tsetse transmitted Trypanosomiases have an enormous impact on human health and economic development. Both the World Health Organisation and African countries through the Pan African Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Eradication Campaign (PATTEC) have recently asserted their determination to rid the sub-continent of these diseases, and it is increasingly recognised that vector control should play an important role. This review mainly focuses on population genetics of tsetse of the palpalis group, the main vectors of sleeping sickness, and reports recent results on tsetse population structure and on measures of gene flow between populations. Implications of these studies for large-scale tsetse control programmes being undertaken in West Africa are important, particularly regarding control strategies (suppression or eradication). Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| PMID: 20202905 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
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| 2. | Parasit Vectors. 2010 Mar 4;3(1):14. [Epub ahead of print]Scientometric analysis of the world-wide research efforts concerning Leishmaniasis .Al-Mutawakel K, Scutaru C, Shami A, Sakr M, Groneberg DA, Quarcoo D.ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is a chronic disease that is found in various countries of the world. The aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of leishmaniasis on the world's research output. The present study assessed benchmarking of research output for the period between 1957 and 2006. Using large database analyses, research in the field of leishmaniasis was evaluated. Furthermore, cooperation between different countries was identified. RESULTS: The number of publications increased with time. Most publications came from Western countries such as the US, UK or Germany. Interestingly, countries like Brazil and India had a high research output. We found a substantial amount of cooperation between countries. CONCLUSION: Although leishmaniasis is of limited geographic distribution it attracts a wide research interest. The central hub of research cooperation is the USA. |
| PMID: 20202187 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
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| 3. | Photochem Photobiol. 2010 Feb 22. [Epub ahead of print]Association of Acenaphthoporphyrins with Liposomes for the Photodynamic Treatment of Leishmaniasis.Gardner DM, Taylor VM, Cedeño DL, Padhee S, Robledo SM, Jones MA, Lash TD, Vélez ID.Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL. Abstract Acenaphthoporphyrins are potential photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy, but their hydrophobicity limits their potential. Liposomes have been widely investigated as delivery vehicles that can transport hydrophobic drugs in biological systems. Here we study the association of acenaphthoporphyrins with liposomes made up of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC), and to liposomes made up of a mixture of DMPC, cholesterol (Chol) and distearoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DSPG) in a 2:1:0.8 molar ratio to evaluate how liposome composition affects association constants. In liposomes consisting only of DMPC, the smaller monoacenaphthoporphyrin had the largest association constant of 5.5 x 10(4) m(-1) while the larger adj-diacenaphthoporphyrin and opp-diacenaphthoporphyrin (ODP) had smaller association constants at 1.8 x 10(4) and 1.5 x 10(4) m(-1), respectively. The addition of liposomal Chol and DSPG has little effect on the magnitudes of the association constants. Polarization studies show that the acenaphthoporphyrins are driven far into the lipid bilayer to minimize polar-nonpolar interactions. Confocal microscopy confirms that the DMPC liposomes transport the porphyrins into promastigotes of Leishmania tarentolae. The compounds associated with DMPC:Chol:DSPG liposomes are effective in vitro against axenic and intracellular amastigotes of the pathogenic Leishmania panamensis. The effectiveness of the compounds is enhanced upon exposure of cultures to visible light. |
| PMID: 20202163 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
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| 4. | Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2010 Mar;7(3):371-402.Drug delivery strategies for therapy of visceral leishmaniasis.Gupta S, Pal A, Vyas SP.Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142 001 (PB), India +91 1636 236564 ; +91 1636 236564 ; swatig25@gmail.com. Importance of the field: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most overwhelming type of leishmaniasis associated with the poverty of developing countries and usually mortal if untreated. Most of the conventionally used dosage forms offer us the shortcomings of toxic side effects and emergence of drug resistance. Several efforts have been made to overcome the barriers involved in the treatment of VL. Colloidal carriers extensively represent the drug delivery systems (DDSs) for intracellular localization of antileishmanial compounds in macrophage-rich organs such as liver, spleen and bone marrow. These DDSs offer superior therapeutic efficacy over the conventional treatment in terms of site-specific drug delivery with reduced side effects. However, after 35 years of research in the field, AmBisome((R)) (Amphotericin B liposome for injection, Astellas Pharma US, Inc.) is the only DDS used against the VL. Areas covered in this review: A literature search was performed (for drugs and DDSs against VL) on PubMed and through Google. What the reader will gain: This review aims to describe the pathophysiology of VL and its current conventional treatment with special reference to DDSs designed against VL. Take home message: On reviewing the conventional drugs and DDSs developed against VL, it is concluded that advances in the field of targeted drug delivery can result in more efficient strategies for the therapy of VL. |
| PMID: 20201740 [PubMed - in process] | |
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| 5. | Biochem J. 2010 Feb 9;426(2):147-57.N-terminal chimaeras with signal sequences enhance the functional expression and alter the subcellular localiza tion of heterologous membrane-bound inorganic pyrophosphatases in yeast.Drake R, Serrano A, Pérez-Castiñeira JR.Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Centro de Investigaciones Cientificas Isla de la Cartuja, Avda. Americo Vespucio, 49, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain. Expression of heterologous multispanning membrane proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a difficult task. Quite often, the use of multicopy plasmids where the foreign gene is under the control of a strong promoter does not guarantee efficient production of the corresponding protein. In the present study, we show that the expression level and/or subcellular localization in S. cerevisiae of a heterologous type of multispanning membrane protein, the proton-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (H+-PPase), can be changed by fusing it with various suitable N-terminal signal sequences. Chimaeric proteins were constructed by adding the putative N-terminal extra domain of Trypanosoma cruzi H+-PPase or the bona fide signal sequence of S. cerevisiae invertase Suc2p to H+-PPase polypeptides of different organisms (from bacteria to plants) and expressed in a yeast conditional mutant deficient in its cytosolic PPi hydrolysis activity when grown on glucose. Chimaeric constructs not only substantially enhanced H+-PPase expression levels in transformed mutant cells, but also allowed functional complementation in those cases in which native H+-PPase failed to accomplish it. Activity assays and Western blot analyses demonstrated further the occurrence of most H+-PPase in internal membrane fractions of these cells. The addition of N-terminal signal sequences to the vacuolar H+-PPase AVP1 from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, a protein efficiently expressed in yeast in its natural form, alters the subcellular distribution of the chimaeras, suggesting further progression along the secretory sorting pathways, as shown by density gradient ultracentrifugation and in vivo fluorescence microscopy of the corresponding GFP (green fluorescent protein)-H+-PPase fusion proteins. |
| PMID: 20025609 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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| 6. | Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009 Sep-Oct;42(5):484-7.Etiological treatment of young women infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, and prevention of congenital transmission.Sosa-Estani S, Cura E, Velazquez E, Yampotis C, Segura EL.Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación de Endemo-epidemias, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios, Buenos Aires, Argentina. ssosa@msal.gov.ar The objective was to detect Trypanosoma cruzi infection in 32 children in Salta, Argentina, born to 16 chronically infected young women who were treated with benznidazole. Tests were performed to assess the efficacy of treatment after 14 years. At the end of the follow up, 87.5% of the women were non-reactive to EIA tests, 62.5% to IHA and 43.8% to IFA. 62.5% of the women were non-reactive according to two or three serological tests. No infected children were detected among the newborns of mothers treated before their pregnancy. |
| PMID: 19967227 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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