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Sent on Saturday, 2010 May 15Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| 1. | J Feline Med Surg. 2010 May 11. [Epub ahead of print]Survey of infectious and parasitic diseases in stray cats at the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal.Duarte A, Castro I, Pereira da Fonseca IM, Almeida V, Madeira de Carvalho LM, Meireles J, Fazendeiro MI, Tavares L, Vaz Y.Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, TULisbon, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal. AbstractA survey of infectious and parasitic diseases of stray cats was carried out using biological samples collected from animals captured during a catch-neuter-release programme in four counties of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. The main objective was to investigate the potential threat of stray cats for animal and public health. Samples of blood, stool, hair and auricular swabs were collected from 231 cats in 27 colonies. Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were detected in 47/194 samples (24.2%); anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in 1/180 cats (0.6%); intestinal parasites in 23/74 samples (Toxocara cati, Isospora felis, Ancylostoma tubaeforme, Dipylidium caninum, Uncinaria stenocephala, Toxascaris leonina) and Otodectes cynotis in 4/182 cats (2.2%); dermatophyte fungi were isolated in 40/136 samples (29.4%); feline immunodeficiency virus antibodies were detected in 23/226 samples (10.2%); feline leukaemia virus antigen in 14/198 samples (7.1%); and feline coronavirus RNA in 9/127 samples (7.1%). Our results revealed that zoonotic agents, namely dermatophyte fungi and Toxocara cati were present in stray cat colonies in the investigated counties. Overall the low frequency of major pathogens suggests a balanced relationship between host and agents. Copyright © 2009 ISFM and AAFP. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| PMID: 20466573 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| 2. | J Comp Pathol. 2010 May 11. [Epub ahead of print]Histopathological Lesions in 15 Cats with Leishmaniosis.Navarro JA, Sánchez J, Peñafiel-Verdú C, Buendía AJ, Altimira J, Vilafranca M.Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain. AbstractRecent research into the prevalence of Leishmania infantum infection in the Mediterranean basin points to the involvement of cats as a reservoir host, but only sporadic cases of feline leishmaniosis have been reported. Feline leishmaniosis presents primarily as cutaneous disease and diagnosis is based on the demonstration of the parasite by skin biopsy. The present report describes the microscopical changes in tissue biopsies from 15 cats with leishmaniosis. The biopsies were derived from the skin, ocular tissue and mucocutaneous junctions. The most common histopathological feature was diffuse granulomatous inflammation with macrophages containing numerous amastigotes. Other patterns included granulomatous perifolliculitis and lichenoid interface dermatitis, where there were fewer parasitized macrophages. The presence of amastigotes was confirmed by immunohistochemistry in each case. The results of the study confirm the value of histopathological and immunohistochemical techniques for the diagnosis of feline leishmaniosis. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| PMID: 20466387 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| 3. | FEBS Lett. 2010 May 10. [Epub ahead of print]Functional characterization of two novel parvulins in Trypanosoma brucei.Goh JY, Lai CY, Tan LC, Yang D, He CY, Liou YC.NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering and 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore. AbstractParvulins belong to a family of peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases) that catalyze the cis/trans conformations of prolyl-peptidyl bonds. Herein, we characterized two novel parvulins, TbPIN1 and TbPAR42, in Trypanosoma brucei. TbPIN1, a 115 amino-acid protein, contains a single PPIase domain but lacks the N-terminal WW domain. Using NMR spectroscopy, TbPIN1 was found to exhibit PPIase activity toward a phosphorylated substrate. Overexpression of TbPIN1 can rescue the impaired temperature-sensitive phenotype in a mutant yeast strain. TbPAR42, containing 383 amino acids, comprises a novel FHA domain at its N terminus and a C-terminal PPIase domain but is a non-Pin1-type PPIase. Functionally, a knockdown of TbPAR42 in its procyclic form results in reduced proliferation rates suggesting an important role in cell growth. Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier B.V. |
| PMID: 20466001 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
| 4. | Int J Dermatol. 2010 Apr;49(4):426-9.A chronic mutilating rhinopathy with a delayed diagnosis of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.Karimbil SK, Kumari S, Celine MI, Joy A.Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, Kottayam Medical College, Kottayam, India. AbstractBACKGROUND: Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is a granulomatous disease clinically characterized by ulcerated skin and mucosal lesions. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is very rare in India and to our knowledge, only two cases have been reported, and this is the first case of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis presenting with mutilating rhinopathy reported from the Indian subcontinent. CASE REPORT: A 64-year-old man presented with a destructive ulceration of the central face of 23 years' duration, who was diagnosed to have mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, and showed dramatic response to intramuscular injections of sodium stibogluconate. RESULTS: Histopathologic examination of skin biopsy revealed a granulomatous infiltrate with the presence of leishmania donovani (LD) bodies. The clinical picture, plus the pathologic findings, and the response to sodium stibogluconate confirmed mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. CONCLUSION: Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is a rare disease in the Indian subcontinent, and clinicians from this region should have a high index of suspicion on encountering mucocutaneous ulcerative lesions. |
| PMID: 20465699 [PubMed - in process] | |
| 5. | Int J Dermatol. 2010 Apr;49(4):406-9.Cutaneous melanoma in a desert climate zone: a retrospective study of 125 cases.Rahnama Z, Meymandi SS, Nasiri N.Dermatology Department, Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman Leishmania Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. zrahnama@yahoo.com AbstractBACKGROUND: With increasing incidence over the last few decades, cutaneous malignant melanoma (CM) represents 3% of all skin tumors, and accounts for 75% of all deaths because of cutaneous malignancies. Little is known about the nature and epidemiology of CM in individuals with pigmented skin. METHOD: Data were collected from the records of four public and private histopathology laboratories of Kerman city from March 20, 1994 to March 20, 2004. Skin biopsies with a diagnosis of CM were reevaluated to confirm the diagnosis of CM. The medical records of the patients were also taken into consideration. RESULTS: A total of 125 CMs were found. The male-to-female ratio was 1.08 : 1. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 58.9 years; with a peak in the seventh decade of life. Acral-lentiginous melanoma (ALM) represented 28.8% and; nodular melanoma occurred in 20% of cases. Limbs were the site of occurrence in 44% of tumors; whereas 36% of tumors occurred in head and neck region. There was a significant correlation between age and ALM (P = 0.007) and also between gender and melanoma types (P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that some demographic and histopathologic features of CM in this population differ from those in the literature. More studies including cohort studies are needed to fully describe the nature and survival rate of CM in this area. |
| PMID: 20465695 [PubMed - in process] | |
| 6. | Int J Dermatol. 2010 Mar;49(3):295-7.A case with two unusual findings: cutaneous leishmaniasis presenting as panniculitis and pericarditis after antimony therapy.Eryilmaz A, Durdu M, Baba M, Bal N, Yiğit F.Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Başkent University, Adana Hospital, Adana, Turkey. aydolue@yahoo.com AbstractBACKGROUND: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by a Protozoan. Clinically and histopathologically, it can be confused with various dermatologic diseases. METHODS: We report a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) with two unusual findings. A 49-year-old male patient presented to our clinic with a 3-month history of multiple nodules exhibiting arciform arrangement on the lateral side of the left leg. RESULTS: Histopathologic examination revealed it as nodular vasculitis. Leishmania smear showed suspicious parasites. Although leishmania culture was negative, PCR was positive for Leishmania. The patient was considered to have CL and was treated with systemic meglumine antimoniate for 14 d. Three days after the end of the treatment, the patient presented to emergency room with a sharp, pleuritic chest pain. He was diagnosed with pericarditis based on clinical and electrocardiogram findings. As other causes of pericarditis were absent, it was thought to be related to antimony therapy. CONCLUSION: The histopathologic presentation of CL as panniculitis is a very rare and this is the first case of pericarditis after the antimony treatment. |
| PMID: 20465667 [PubMed - in process] | |
| 7. | Int J Dermatol. 2010 Jan;49(1):53-5.Fish tank granuloma: misdiagnosed as cutaneous leishmaniasis.AlKhodair R, Al-Khenaizan S.Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AbstractMycobacterium marinum is an atypical mycobacterium that causes a skin infection known as fish tank granuloma or swimming pool granuloma affecting people who are exposed to aquatic environments. In general, it is managed medically with antimicrobials and variable treatment protocols. Here, we report a Saudi gentleman who acquired this infection in Thailand and was misdiagnosed as cutaneous leishmaniasis. After establishing the correct diagnosis, treatment with minocycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resulted in rapid healing. |
| PMID: 20465612 [PubMed - in process] | |
| 8. | Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids. 2009 May;28(5):485-503.The rationale for targeting the NAD/NADH cofactor binding site of parasitic S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase for the design of anti-parasitic drugs.Cai S, Li QS, Fang J, Borchardt RT, Kuczera K, Middaugh CR, Schowen RL.Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA. AbstractTrypanosomal S-adenoyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (Tc-SAHH), considered as a target for treatment of Chagas disease, has the same catalytic mechanism as human SAHH (Hs-SAHH) and both enzymes have very similar x-ray structures. Efforts toward the design of selective inhibitors against Tc-SAHH targeting the substrate binding site have not to date shown any significant promise. Systematic kinetic and thermodynamic studies on association and dissociation of cofactor NAD/H for Tc-SAHH and Hs-SAHH provide a rationale for the design of anti-parasitic drugs directed toward cofactor-binding sites. Analogues of NAD and their reduced forms show significant selective inactivation of Tc-SAHH, confirming that this design approach is rational. |
| PMID: 20183598 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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| 9. | Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids. 2009 May;28(5):473-84.Evaluation of NAD(H) analogues as selective inhibitors for Trypanosoma cruzi S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.Li QS, Cai S, Fang J, Borchardt RT, Kuczera K, Middaugh CR, Schowen RL.Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA. AbstractS-Adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) hydrolases (SAHHs) from human sources (Hs-SAHHs) bind the cofactor NAD(+) more tightly than several parasitic SAHHs by around 1000-fold. This property suggests the cofactor binding site of this essential enzyme as a potential anti-parasitic drug target, e.g., against SAHH from Trypansoma cruzi (Tc-SAHH). The on-rate and off-rate constants and the equilibrium dissociation constants were determined for NAD(+)/NADH analogues and suggested that NADH analogues were the most promising for selective inhibition of Tc-SAHH. None significantly inhibited Hs-SAHH while S-NADH and H-NADH (see Figure 1) reduced the catalytic activity of Tc-SAHH to < 10% in six minutes of exposure. |
| PMID: 20183597 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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| 10. | J Cell Sci. 2010 Mar 1;123(Pt 5):699-711. Epub 2010 Feb 2.The RNA helicase DHH1 is central to the correct expression of many developmenta lly regulated mRNAs in trypanosomes.Kramer S, Queiroz R, Ellis L, Hoheisel JD, Clayton C, Carrington M.Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK. AbstractIn trypanosomes, the predominant mechanisms of regulation of gene expression are post-transcriptional. The DEAD-box RNA helicase DHH1 was identified in a screen for gene products that are necessary for the instability of the GPI-PLC mRNA in insect-stage trypanosomes. Expression of an ATPase-deficient dhh1 mutant caused a rapid growth arrest associated with a decrease in polysomes, an increase in P-bodies and a slight decrease in average mRNA levels. However, the effect of dhh1 mutant expression on both turnover and translational repression of mRNAs was selective. Whereas there was little effect on the stability of constitutive mRNAs, the control of a large cohort of developmentally regulated mRNAs was reversed; many mRNAs normally downregulated in insect-stage trypanosomes were stabilized and many mRNAs normally upregulated decreased in level. One stabilised mRNA, ISG75, was characterised further. Despite the overall decrease in polysomes, the proportion of the ISG75 mRNA in polysomes was unchanged and the result was ISG75 protein accumulation. Our data show that specific mRNAs can escape DHH1-mediated translational repression. In trypanosomes, DHH1 has a selective role in determining the levels of developmentally regulated mRNAs. |
| PMID: 20124414 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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