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Sent on Tuesday, 2011 Feb 08Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Medicina (B Aires). 2011;71(1):22-26.[Distribution of Lutzomyia longipalpis in the Argentine Mesopotamia, 2010.][Article in Spanish] Salomón OD, Fernández MS, Santini MS, Saavedra S, Montiel N, Ramos MA, Rosa JR, Szelag EA, Martínez MF.Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-epidemias, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud de la Nación. AbstractThe first case of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Argentina was reported in 2006 in Posadas, Misiones. During the summer 2008-2009 Lutzomyia longipalpis, the VL vector, and canine VL cases were already spread along the province of Corrientes. In order to know the distribution of VL risk, systematic captures of the vector were performed between February and March 2010, in 18 areas of the provinces of Entre Ríos and Corrientes, and the city of Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, with a total of 313 traps/night. We confirmed the presence of Lu. longipalpis, for the first time in Chajarí (Entre Ríos), Alvear, La Cruz, Curuzú Cuatiá and Bella Vista (Corrientes), and Puerto Iguazú (Misiones). In Santo Tome and Monte Caseros (Corrientes), where the vector had been previously reported, traps with more samples were obtained with 830 and 126 Lu. Longipalpis trap/site/night respectively. These results show that the vector of urban VL continues spreading in the Argentine territory. Simultaneously, the spread of the parasite and the resulting human VL cases are associated with the dispersion of reservoirs, infected dogs, with or without clinical symptoms or signs, due to human transit. |
| PMID: 21296716 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
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| 2. | Microb Pathog. 2011 Feb 2. [Epub ahead of print]Peptide aptamer mimicking RAD51-binding domain of BRCA2 inhibits DNA damage repair and survival in Trypanosoma brucei.Hall M, Misra S, Chaudhuri M, Chaudhuri G.Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN. AbstractThe eukaryotic DNA recombination repair protein BRCA2 is functional in the parasitic protozoan Trypanosoma brucei. The mechanism of the involvement of BRCA2 in homologous recombination includes its interaction with the DNA recombinase proteins of the RAD51 family. BRCA2 is known to interact with RAD51 through its unique and essential BRC sequence motifs. T. brucei BRCA2 homolog (TbBRCA2) has fifteen repeating BRC motifs as compared to mammalian BRCA2 that has only eight. We report here our yeast 2-hybrid analysis studies on the interactions of TbBRCA2 BRC motifs with five different RAD51 paralogues of T. brucei. Our study revealed that a single BRC motif is sufficient to bind to these RAD51 paralogues. To test the possibility whether a single 44 amino acid long repeating unit of the TbBRCA2 BRC motif may be exploited as an inhibitor of T. brucei growth, we ectopically expressed this peptide segment in the procyclic form of the parasite and evaluated its effects on cell survival as well as the sensitivity of these cells to the DNA damaging agent methyl methane sulfonate (MMS). Expression of a single BRC motif led to MMS sensitivity and inhibited cellular proliferation in T. brucei. Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier India Pvt Ltd. |
| PMID: 21296653 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
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| 3. | Vet Parasitol. 2011 Jan 11. [Epub ahead of print]Detection of Leishmania (L.) chagasi in canine skin.de Queiroz NM, da Silveira RC, de Noronha AC Jr, Oliveira TM, Machado RZ, Starke-Buzetti WA.Departamento de Biologia e Zootecnia, FEIS/UNESP-Ilha Solteira, 15385-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. AbstractCanine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is caused by a protozoa parasite of the specie Leishmania (L.) chagasi endemic for humans and dogs in many regions of Brazil. The purpose of the present study was the detection of (L.) chagasi in canine skin tissues from three different groups of clinical signs: asymptomatic, oligosymptomatic and polysymptomatic Leishmania-infected dogs. Lesional or non-lesional skin tissue samples from 34 naturally infected dogs were obtained and processed by histochemistry (HE) and immunohistochemistry (IMHC) for direct parasitological examination and the results were compared with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. IMHC and HE methods detected intact Leishmania-amastigote parasites in lesional and no lesional skin, particularly in asymptomatic and oligosymptomatic dogs. 50% of skin samples collected from asymptomatic and 21.4% from oligosymptomatic dogs had parasites in their skins even though with mild inflammatory reaction or without any macroscopic dermatological alterations. On the other hand, 100% of polysymptomatic dogs showed several forms of clinical dermatological alterations and 91.7% had intact amastigotes with parasite load ranging from mild to intense. By PCR, DNA of Leishmania spp. was detected in 97.8% skin samples regardless clinical status of the dogs or IMHC/HE test results. PCR on skin was a sensitive procedure for CVL diagnosis, but direct observation of intact parasite in skin biopsies, particularly by IMHC, may be also considered to support the diagnosis. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| PMID: 21295916 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
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| 4. | Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011 Jan 11. [Epub ahead of print]Design and synthesis of novel tetrahydronaphthyl azoles and related cyclohexyl azoles as antileishmanial agents.Marrapu VK, Srinivas N, Mittal M, Shakya N, Gupta S, Bhandari K.Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226 001, India. AbstractA novel series of trans-2-aryloxy-1,2,3,4,-tetrahydronaphthyl azoles and related cyclohexyl azoles were synthesized and evaluated in vitro against Leishmania donovani. Compound 9 identified as most active analog with IC(50) value of 0.64μg/mL and SI value of 34.78 against amastigotes, and is several folds more potent than the reference drugs sodium stilbogluconate and paromomycin. It also exhibited significant in vivo inhibition of 83.33%, and provided a new structural scaffold for antileishmanials. Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Ltd. |
| PMID: 21295472 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | |
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| 5. | Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2011 Jan;105(1):31-5.The Indian and Nepalese programmes of indoor residual spraying for the elimination of visceral leishmaniasis: performance and effectiveness.Chowdhury R, Huda MM, Kumar V, Das P, Joshi AB, Banjara MR, Akhter S, Kroeger A, Krishnakumari B, Petzold M, Mondal D, Das ML.National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Mohakhali, Dhaka - 1212, Bangladesh. Abstract<title/> Although, when applied under controlled conditions in India and Nepal, indoor residual spraying (IRS) has been found to reduce sandfly densities significantly, it is not known if IRS will be as effective when applied generally in these countries, via the national programmes for the elimination of visceral leishmaniasis. The potential benefits and limitations of national IRS programmes for the control of sandflies were therefore evaluated in the districts of Vaishali (in the Indian state of Bihar), Sarlahi (in Nepal) and Sunsari (also in Nepal). The use of technical guidelines, levels of knowledge and skills related to spraying operations, insecticide bio-availability on the sprayed surfaces, concentrations of the insecticide on the walls of sprayed houses, insecticide resistance, and the effectiveness of spraying, in terms of reducing sandfly densities within sprayed houses (compared with those found in unsprayed sentinel houses or control villages) were all explored. It was observed that IRS programme managers, at district and subdistrict levels in India and Nepal, used the relevant technical guidelines and were familiar with the procedures for IRS operation. The performance of the spraying activities, however, showed important deficiencies. The results of bio-assays and the chemical analysis of samples from sprayed walls indicated substandard spraying and suboptimal concentrations of insecticide on sprayed surfaces. This was particularly obvious at one of the Nepali study sites (Sunsari district), where no significant vector reduction was achieved. Sandfly resistance to the insecticide used in India (DDT) was widespread but the potential vectors in Nepal remained very susceptible towards a pyrethroid similar to the one used there. The overall short-term effectiveness of IRS was found to be satisfactory in two of the three study sites (in terms of reduction in the densities of the sandfly vectors). Unfortunately, the medium-term evaluation, conducted 5 months after spraying, was probably made invalid by flooding or lime plastering in the study areas. Preparation for, and the monitoring of, the IRS operations against sandfly populations in India and Nepal need to be improved. |
| PMID: 21294947 [PubMed - in process] | |
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