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Sent on Thursday, 2011 Feb 24Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Molecules. 2011 Feb 22;16(2):1825-33.Antileishmanial Activity of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Miconia langsdorffii, Isolated Compounds, and Semi-Synthetic Derivatives.Peixoto JA, Andrade E Silva ML, Crotti AE, Cassio Sola Veneziani R, Gimenez VM, Januário AH, Groppo M, Magalhães LG, Dos Santos FF, Albuquerque S, da Silva Filho AA, Cunha WR.Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas da Universidade de Franca, Av. Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira 201 - Parque Universitário, CEP 14404-600, Franca, SP, Brazil. wrcunha@unifran.br. AbstractThe in vitro activity of the crude hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial parts of Miconia langsdorffii Cogn. was evaluated against the promastigote forms of L. amazonensis, the causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans. The bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract led to identification of the triterpenes ursolic acid and oleanolic acid as the major compounds in the fraction that displayed the highest activity. Several ursolic acid semi-synthetic derivatives were prepared, to find out whether more active compounds could be obtained. Among these ursolic acid-derived substances, the C-28 methyl ester derivative exhibited the best antileishmanial activity. |
| PMID: 21343887 [PubMed - in process] | |
| 2. | Ceylon Med J. 2010 Dec;55(4):106-11.A histopathological study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka.Herath CH, Ratnatunga NV, Waduge R, Ratnayake P, Ratnatunga CN, Ramadasa S.Department of Pathology, Teaching Hospital, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. chaturika_herath@yahoo.com AbstractINTRODUCTION; Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in Sri Lanka. The immunopathogenesis of these lesions in Sri Lankans has not been documented. OBJECTIVES: To classify skin lesions into histological groups, to assess parasitic load, density of each inflammatory cell type and necrosis and to characterise the lymphocytic reaction in cutaneous leishmaniasis in comparison to leprosy. METHODS: Skin biopsies from 31 patients with demonstrable amastigotes in smears or tissue sections were studied. The lesions were classified by two independent observers into four distinct histological groups based on different cell types in the inflammatory infiltrate and formation of granulomata. Parasitic load and the presence of necrosis were recorded. Immunohistochemical staining for CD45RO and CD20 for counting T and B cells respectively was done. RESULTS: Histological groups of cutaneous leishmaniasis ranging from group I-IV were similar to that of the spectrum in leprosy ranging from lepromatous to tuberculoid leprosy. The histological groups from I-IV showed a significant inverse relationship with the mean parasitic index. Necrosis was not a prominent feature. The mean percentage of T cells in the histological spectrum from group I-IV in leishmaniasis was similar to the spectrum from lepromatous to tuberculoid leprosy. Mean percentage of T cells were 20.1% in group I, 20.5% in group II, 33.8% in group III and 47.8% in group IV. Lepromatous, borderline tuberculoid and tuberculoid leprosy had 21.3%, 33.4% and 48.0% T cells respectively. CONCLUSION: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a spectral disease similar to leprosy. The mean percentage T cells from group I-IV were similar to those in the spectrum of leprosy and mean percentage B cells varied in a narrow range. |
| PMID: 21341622 [PubMed - in process] | |
| 3. | Transfus Apher Sci. 2010 Oct;43(2):193-6. Epub 2010 Aug 4.Knowledge deficits regarding Chagas disease may place Mexico's blood supply at risk.Trivedi M, Sanghavi D.Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA. mktrivedi@partners.org AbstractPrevention of transfusion-related Chagas disease in Mexico City depends on targeted questionnaire-based screening of donors by nurses at blood banks. To assess potential problems with this strategy, surveys were distributed to the nurses who screen donors in a random sampling of nine blood banks in Mexico City, to measure appropriate knowledge about Chagas disease. We found that 80% (95% CI 68-92%) of nurses answered at least one of the three donor risk factor questions incorrectly, which may fail to trigger confirmatory laboratory testing of potentially infected units. If this knowledge deficit is widespread, up to 680,000 units (95% CI 578,000-782,000 units) of donated blood could be potentially contaminated with Chagas disease in Mexico. In place of targeted screening, routine laboratory testing of all donated blood would be a cost-effective method to safeguard blood recipients from iatrogenic Chagas disease. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| PMID: 20688572 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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| 4. | Parasitol Int. 2010 Dec;59(4):565-70. Epub 2010 Aug 3.High-content imaging for automated determination of host-cell infection rate b y the intracellular parasite Trypanosoma cruzi.Nohara LL, Lema C, Bader JO, Aguilera RJ, Almeida IC.The Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA. AbstractChagas disease affects 8-11 million people, mostly in Latin America. Sequelae include cardiac, peripheral nervous and/or gastrointestinal disorders, thus placing a large economic and social burden on endemic countries. The pathogenesis and the evolutive pattern of the disease are not fully clarified. Moreover, available drugs are partially effective and toxic, and there is no vaccine. Therefore, there is an urgent need to speed up basic and translational research in the field. Here, we applied automated high-content imaging to generate multiparametric data on a cell-by-cell basis to precisely and quickly determine several parameters associated with in vitro infection of host cell by Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. Automated and manual quantifications were used to determine the percentage of T. cruzi-infected cells in a 96-well microplate format and the data generated was statistically evaluated. Most importantly, this automated approach can be widely applied for discovery of potential drugs as well as molecular pathway elucidation not only in T. cruzi but also in other human intracellular pathogens. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| PMID: 20688189 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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| 5. | Parasitol Int. 2010 Dec;59(4):629-33. Epub 2010 Aug 4.Attachment of flagellum to the cell body is important to the kinetics of transfe rrin uptake by Trypanosoma cruzi.Rocha GM, Seabra SH, de Miranda KR, Cunha-e-Silva N, de Carvalho TM, de Souza W.Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho s/n, 21941-902, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. AbstractThe flagellar pocket and the cytostome are surface domains of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigote involved in acquisition of nutrients. The cytostome is physically connected to the flagellar complex. To investigate if this association plays a role in endocytosis in T. cruzi, the endocytic activity in wild type and gp72 null mutant (flagellum-cell body attachment region is absent) epimastigotes was compared. Both wild type and mutant cells were incubated with transferrin conjugated with Alexa 543 or gold particles over different time periods and thereafter qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy. Flow cytometry analysis showed a reduction in transferrin uptake by null mutant after 30 min of incubation. In addition, at this time period, signals detected by fluorescence microscopy were slightly lower in null mutant cells. At lower incubation times, no differences between wild type and mutant epimastigotes could be observed. Quantitative data obtained by morphometric and flow cytometry analysis suggested that the speed of the endocytic process in the null mutant was similar to wild type cells, although null mutants were not able to bind cargo and therefore internalize as much as wild type epimastigotes. Our observations suggest that the physical association between cytostome and the flagellar complex plays a role in endocytosis efficiency by epimastigotes of T. cruzi. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| PMID: 20670692 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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| 6. | Mymensingh Med J. 2010 Jul;19(3):335-9.Evaluation of latex agglutination test (KAtex) for early diagnosis of kala-azar.Ahsan MM, Islam MN, Mollah AH, Hoque MA, Hossain MA, Begum Z, Islam MT.Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. AbstractKala-azar is one of the major public health problem in Bangladesh. But the diagnosis of the problem often is difficult, unusual and time consuming, a simple, noninvasive, easy to perform, reliable and rapid diagnostic test has been a long-felt need of the clinicians. Therefore, the present study was conducted to see the sensitivity and specificity of Latex Agglutination test (KAtex) to detect leishmanial antigen from urine of kala-azar cases. The study was carried out in the department of Paediatrics, Mymensingh Medical College and Hospital, Bangladesh during July to December, 2008. A total of 100 urine samples were collected of which 50 were confirmed kala-azar cases and 50 were age and sex matched controls. Out of 50 kala-azar cases 47 showed positive result of KAtex. The test was also positive in 01 out of 30 healthy controls. None of the febrile controls was positive by KAtex. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the test using presence of LD bodies in splenic and/or bone marrow aspirate as gold standard were 94%, 98%, 97.91% and 94.23% respectively. KAtex is simple, noninvasive, easy to perform, rapid and reliable test for diagnosing kala-azar in endemic area and useful for small, less equipped laboratories as well as for the laboratories with better facilities. |
| PMID: 20639822 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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| 7. | Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2010 Oct;10(8):757-63. Epub 2009 Dec 18.Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi among eleven potential reservoir species from six states across the southern United States.Brown EL, Roellig DM, Gompper ME, Monello RJ, Wenning KM, Gabriel MW, Yabsley MJ.Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA. AbstractTrypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas' disease, is a substantial public health concern in Latin America. Although rare in humans and domestic animals in the United States, T. cruzi is commonly detected in some wildlife species, most commonly raccoons (Procyon lotor) and Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana). To increase our understanding of the reservoir host species range and geographic distribution, 11 species of mammals from six states spanning the known range of T. cruzi (Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Missouri, and Virginia) were tested for antibodies to T. cruzi using indirect immunofluorescent antibody testing. In addition, culture isolation attempts were conducted on a limited number of animals from Georgia and Florida. Evidence of T. cruzi was found in every state except California; however, low numbers of known reservoirs were tested in California. In general, the highest seroprevalence rates were found in raccoons (0-68%) and opossums (17-52%), but antibodies to T. cruzi were also detected in small numbers of striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) from Arizona and Georgia, bobcats (Lynx rufus) from Georgia, two coyotes (Canis latrans) from Georgia and Virginia, and a ringtail (Bassariscus astutus) from Arizona. Culture-based prevalence rates for raccoons were significantly greater than those for opossums; however, seroprevalences of raccoons and opossums from several geographic locations in Georgia and Florida were not different, indicating that exposure rates of these two species are similar within these areas. For both raccoons and opossums, seroprevalence was significantly higher in females than in males. No difference was detected in seroprevalence between adults and juveniles and between animals caught in urban and rural locations. Our results indicate that T. cruzi prevalence varies by host species, host characteristics, and geographic region and provides data to guide future studies on the natural history of T. cruzi in the United States. |
| PMID: 20020815 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | |
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