What's new for 'Trypanosomatids' in PubMed

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Sent on Friday, 2011 May 20
Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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PubMed Results

Items 1 - 2 of 2

1.	Vet Parasitol. 2011 Apr 19. [Epub ahead of print] Cryptic Leishmaniosis by Leishmania infantum, a feature of canines only? A study of natural infection in wild rabbits, humans and dogs in southeastern Spain. Chitimia L, Muñoz-García CI, Sánchez-Velasco D, Lizana V, Del Río L, Murcia L, Fisa R, Riera C, Giménez-Font P, Jiménez-Montalbán P, Martínez-Ramírez A, Meseguer-Meseguer JM, García-Bacete I, Sánchez-Isarria MA, Sanchis-Monsonís G, García-Martínez JD, Vicente V, Segovia M, Berriatua E. Source Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain. Abstract An epidemiological study was carried out to investigate asymptomatic Leishmania infantum infection by PCR and ELISA in wild rabbits, humans and domestic dogs in southeastern Spain. Seroprevalence was 0% (0/36) in rabbits, 2% (13/657) in humans and 7% (14/208) in dogs. The prevalence of PCR-positives was 0.6% (1/162) in rabbits tested in a wide range of tissue samples, 2% (8/392) in humans analysed in blood samples and 10% (20/193) and 67% (29/43) in dogs analysed in blood and lymphoid tissue samples, respectively. Results suggest that wild rabbits have a very low risk of becoming chronically infected with L. infantum, and provide further evidence that cryptic L. infantum infection is widespread in the domestic dog population and is also present in a comparatively smaller proportion of healthy humans. The epidemiological and clinical implications of these findings are discussed. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
	PMID: 21592669 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

2.	Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2011 Jun;8(6):735-47. Drug delivery systems in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis infections. Kroubi M, Karembe H, Betbeder D. Source EA4483, IFR114 IMPRT, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Recherche, Département de Physiologie, 1, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille cedex , France +33 3626968 ; +33 320626993 ; dbetbeder@aol.fr. Abstract Introduction: Animal African trypanosomiasis (AT) is treated and controlled with homidium, isometamidium and diminazene, whereas human AT is treated with suramin, pentamidine, melarsoprol and eflornithine (DFMO), or a combination of DFMO and Nifurtimox. Monotherapy can present serious side effects, for example, melarsoprol, the more frequently used drug that is effective for both hemolymphatic and meningoencephalic stages of the disease, is so toxic that it kills 5% of treated patients. These treatments are poorly efficient, have a narrow safety index and drug resistance is a growing concern. No new drug has been developed since the discovery of DFMO in the 1970s. There is a pressing need for an effective, safe drug for both stages of the disease, and recent research is focused on the development of new formulations in order to improve their therapeutic index. Areas covered: This review shows the potential interest of using nanoparticulate formulations of trypanocidal drug to improve parasite targeting, efficacy and, potentially, safety while being cost-effective. Expert opinion: The design of drug formulations relevant to the treatment of AT must include a combination of very specific properties. In summary, the drug delivery system must be compatible with the physicochemical properties of the drug (charge, lipophilicity and molecular mass) in order to allow high drug payloads while being biocompatible for the patient.
	PMID: 21591841 [PubMed - in process]