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Sent on Thursday, 2011 May 26Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Analyst. 2011 May 25. [Epub ahead of print]Nano-structured nickel oxide based DNA biosensor for detection of visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar).Mohan S, Srivastava P, Maheshwari SN, Sundar S, Prakash R.SourceSchool of Materials Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India. rajivprakash12@yahoo.com. AbstractSol-gel synthesized nickel oxide (NiO) film deposited onto indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass plate has been utilized for the development of sensitive and stable DNA biosensor and demonstrated for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis also known as Kala-azar. Leishmania specific sensor is developed by immobilizing 23mer DNA sequence (oligonucleotide) identified from 18S rRNA gene sequences from Leishmania donovani. Characterization studies like X-Ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed the formation of nano-structured NiO, while immobilization of single strand (ss)-DNA of Leishmania was supported by UV-visible, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy techniques. Response studies of ss-DNA/NiO/ITO bioelectrode are carried out using differential pulsed voltammetry in presence of methylene blue redox dye as a redox mediator. A linear response is obtained in the wide concentration range of 2 pg ml(-1) to 2 μg ml(-1) of complementary target genomic DNA (disease DNA) within the variation of 10% for 5 sets of studies. The observed results hold promise not only for diagnosis of Kala-azar patients but also hold enormous potential of the nano-NiO based probe for development of stable and sensitive biosensors. |
| 2. | Mol Cell Proteomics. 2011 May 24. [Epub ahead of print]Trypanosoma brucei mitochondrial respiratome: composition and organization in procyclic form.Acestor N, Zikova A, Dalley RA, Anupama A, Panigrahi AK, Stuart KD.SourceSeattle BioMed, United States. AbstractThe mitochondrial respiratory chain is comprised of four different protein complexes (I-IV), which are responsible for electron transport and generation of proton gradient in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. This proton gradient is then used by FoF1-ATP synthase (complex V) to produce ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. In this study, the respiratory complexes I, II and III were affinity purified from Trypanosoma brucei procyclic form cells and their composition was determined by mass spectrometry. The results along with those that we previously reported for complexes IV and V showed that the respiratome of Trypanosoma is divergent since many of its proteins are unique to this group of organisms. The studies also identified two mitochondrial subunit proteins of respiratory complex IV that are encoded by edited RNAs. Proteomics data from analyses of complexes purified using numerous tagged component proteins in each of the five complexes were used to generate the first predicted protein-protein interaction network of the Trypanosoma brucei respiratory chain. These results provide the first comprehensive insight into the unique composition of the respiratory complexes in Trypanosoma brucei, an early diverged eukaryotic pathogen. |
| 3. | J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011 May 24. [Epub ahead of print]Study of parasite kinetics with antileishmanial drugs using real-time quantitative PCR in Indian visceral leishmaniasis.Sudarshan M, Weirather JL, Wilson ME, Sundar S.SourceDepartment of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, UP, India. AbstractObjectives This study describes parasite kinetics in the blood of visceral leishmaniasis patients treated with liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) or a preformed fat emulsion of amphotericin B (ApL) using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Methods Forty-six patients were treated with a single dose (15 mg/kg of body weight) of either L-AmB (n = 13) or ApL (n = 33). qPCR was used to estimate parasite kinetics by detection of Leishmania donovani DNA using kinetoplast DNA-specific primers in peripheral blood samples using an absolute quantification method. Results The mean parasite load decreased from baseline (day 0) values of 894.07 and 980.48 to 71.72 and 211.52 parasite genomes/mL at day 7 in L-AmB and ApL groups, respectively, and at day 30 these further declined to 8.30 and 133.98 parasite genomes/mL, respectively. At day 30 post-treatment evaluation, the decline in parasite load was significantly greater (P = 0.024) with L-AmB compared with ApL. Four of 33 patients in the ApL group failed treatment (1 primary failure and 3 relapses) with the presence of parasites, whereas all patients in the L-AmB group were cured at 6 month follow-up. Conclusions qPCR can be a tool to measure parasite dynamics accurately and provide a marker to measure the efficacy of various drugs. It can be used as a test of cure, allowing us to do away with invasive and risky methods such as splenic or bone marrow aspiration. |
| 4. | Parasite Immunol. 2011 May 24. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2011.01302.x. [Epub ahead of print]Editorial: African trypanosomiasis.Morrison LJ, Macleod A.SourceWellcome Trust Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 464 Bearsden Rd, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom Wellcome Trust Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 464 Bearsden Rd, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom. |
| 5. | Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2011 May;9(5):583-608.Therapy of vector-borne protozoan infections in nonendemic settings.Bottieau E, Vekemans M, Van Gompel A.SourceDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium. AbstractVector-borne protozoan infections are responsible for a wide variety of illnesses (mainly malaria, trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis) affecting tropical and subtropical areas, but increasingly diagnosed in nonendemic settings. This article summarizes the therapeutic developments for these conditions during the past decade and focuses specifically on treatment recommendations for returning travelers and migrants. The treatment of malaria has known the most spectacular improvements. Progress in the management of leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis has also been substantial and includes introduction of new drugs into clinical practice, combinations of existing drugs, or new laboratory tools for treatment monitoring as well as extension of treatment indications to new groups of patients. Serious gaps still exist in terms of effectiveness and tolerance. Since the research pipeline is very limited for the coming 5-10 years, optimized combinations of existing drugs need to be urgently explored. |
| 6. | J Chem Inf Model. 2011 May 24. [Epub ahead of print]Consensus Models of Activity Landscapes with Multiple Chemical, Conformer and Property Representations.Yongye A, Byler K, Santos R, Martinez-Mayorga K, Maggiora GM, Medina-Franco JL.AbstractWe report consensus Structure-Activity Similarity (SAS) maps that address the dependence of activity landscapes on molecular representation. As a case study, we characterized the activity landscape of 54 compounds with activities against human cathepsin B (hCatB), human cathepsin L (hCatL), and <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i> cathepsin B (TbCatB). Starting from an initial set of 28 descriptors we selected ten representations that capture different aspects of the chemical structures. These included four 2D (MACCS keys, GpiDAPH3, pairwise, and radial fingerprints) and six 3D (4p and piDAPH4 fingerprints with each including three conformers) representations. Multiple conformers are used for the first time in consensus activity landscape modeling. The results emphasize the feasibility of identifying consensus data points that are consistently formed in different reference spaces generated with several fingerprint models, including multiple 3D conformers. Consensus data points are not meant to eliminate data, disregarding for example, "true" activity cliffs that are not identified by some molecular representations. Instead, consensus models are conceptualized to prioritize the SAR analysis of activity cliffs and other consistent regions in the activity landscape that are captured by several molecular representations. Systematic description of the SARs of two targets give rise to the identification of pairs of compounds located in the same region of the activity landscape of hCatL and TbCatB suggesting similar mechanisms of action for the pairs involved. We also explored the relationship between property similarity and activity similarity and found that property similarities are suitable to characterize SARs. We also introduce the concept of structure-property-activity (SPA) similarity in SAR studies. |
| 7. | Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2011 Jan-Feb;69(1):47-53.[The anti-dsDNA antibodies: validation of an original two step strategy of detection]. [Article in French] Lemarié R, Jacomet F, Goutte B, Bonnafoux C, Tridon A, Evrard B.SourceLaboratoire D'imminologie, CHU Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand. AbstractDetection of anti-dsDNA antibodies is one of the major biological criteria of use in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Sensitivity and specificity vary greatly between existing techniques, and differ largely from one study to another. The aim of our prospective study was to evaluate a new strategy of detection comprising two steps, first, the use of a sensitive automated technique, ELISA Phadia EliA™, and second, if necessary, a more specific technique: the Crithidia luciliae immunofluorescence test (CLIFT). The latter was used in case of discrepancy with previous laboratory findings or according to the available clinical data. During the study period of 18 months, 1729 tests were requested of which 96 were finally assayed using CLIFT. Analysis of 53 discordant results showed 14 cases of lupus identified only with ELISA, and 3 only by Crithidia. In addition, 35 likely false positives of ELISA were evidenced by negative CLIFT results. These data show a clear gain in sensitivity without any loss of specificity due to the use of a second technique. Thus, this strategy was validated in our lab; it can be useful by any medical laboratory because the cost of few Crithidia luciliae slides is very low. |
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