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Sent on Thursday, 2011 Jul 28Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Med Res Rev. 2011 Jul 26. doi: 10.1002/med.20251. [Epub ahead of print]Photodynamic therapy based on 5-aminolevulinic acid and its use as an antimicrobial agent.Harris F, Pierpoint L.SourceSchool of Forensic and Investigative Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire, United Kingdom. fharris1@.ac.uk. AbstractExogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is taken up directly by bacteria, yeasts, fungi, and some parasites, which then induces the accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX). Subsequent light irradiation of PPIX leads to the inactivation of these organisms via photodamage to their cellular structures. ALA uptake and light irradiation of PPIX produced by host cells leads to the inactivation of other parasites, along with some viruses, via the induction of an immune response. ALA-mediated PPIX production by host cells and light irradiation result in the inactivation of other viruses via either the induction of a host cell response or direct photodynamic attack on viral particles. This ALA-mediated production of light-activated PPIX has been extensively used as a form of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and has shown varying levels of efficacy in treating conditions that are associated with microbial infection, ranging from acne and verrucae to leishmaniasis and onychomycosis. However, for the treatment of some of these conditions by ALA-based PDT, the role of an antimicrobial effect has been disputed and in general, the mechanisms by which the technique inactivates microbes are not well understood. In this study, we review current understanding of the antimicrobial mechanisms used by ALA-based PDT and its role in the treatment of microbial infections along with its potential medical and nonmedical applications.   © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
| 2. | Mol Microbiol. 2011 Jul 25. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07769.x. [Epub ahead of print]Stage-specific requirement for Isa1 and Isa2 proteins in the mitochondrion of Trypanosoma brucei and heterologous rescue by human and Blastocystis orthologues.Long S, Changmai P, Tsaousis AD, Skalický T, Verner Z, Wen YZ, Roger AJ, Lukeš J.SourceBiology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic; Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic; Centre for Comparative Genomics and Evolutionary Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada. AbstractIscA/Isa proteins function as alternative scaffolds for the assembly of Fe-S clusters and/or provide iron for their assembly in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Isa are usually non-essential and in most organisms are confined to the mitochondrion. We have studied the function of TbIsa1 and TbIsa2 in Trypanosoma brucei, where the requirement for both of them to sustain cell growth depends on the life cycle stage. The TbIsa proteins are abundant in the procyclic form, which contains an active organelle. Both proteins are indispensable for growth, as they are required for the assembly of Fe-S clusters in mitochondrial aconitase, fumarase and succinate dehydrogenase. Reactive oxygen species but not iron accumulate in the procyclic mitochondrion upon ablation of the TbIsa proteins, but their depletion does not influence the assembly of Fe-S clusters in cytosolic proteins. In the bloodstream form, which has a downregulated mitochondrion, the TbIsa proteins are non-essential. The Isa2 orthologue of the anaerobic protist Blastocystis partially rescued the growth and enzymatic activities of TbIsa1/2 knock-down. Rescues of single knock-downs as well as heterologous rescues with human Isa orthologues partially recovered the activities of aconitase and fumarase. These results show that the Isa1 and Isa2 proteins of diverse eukaryotes have overlapping functions. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. |
| 3. | Int J Dermatol. 2011 Jul 26. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.04981.x. [Epub ahead of print]A case of mucosal leishmaniasis of the tongue in a kidney transplant recipient.Baglieri F, Scuderi G.SourceDepartment of Dermatology, S. Elia Hospital, Caltanissetta, Italy. |
| 4. | Br J Haematol. 2011 Jul 25. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08802.x. [Epub ahead of print]Visceral leishmaniasis after alemtuzumab in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.Pitini V, Cascio A, Arrigo C, Altavilla G.SourceDepartments of Medical Oncology Infectious Disease, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy. E-mail: vpitini@unime.it. |
| 5. | Vet Parasitol. 2011 Apr 19;177(1-2):152-6. Epub 2010 Dec 7.Morphological and biometrical features of Trypanosoma evansi isolates from an outbreak in mainland Spain.Tamarit A, Tejedor-Junco MT, González M, Alberola J, Gutierrez C.SourceAnimal Health Laboratory, Council of Agriculture, Fishing and Nourishment, Generalitat Valenciana, Av. Manuel Soto 18, 46024 Valencia, Spain. atamaritsoler@gmail.com AbstractAccording to several authors, Trypanosoma evansi is a monomorphic trypanosome found exclusively in slender intermediate forms, although additional studies have revealed that many strains present stumpy forms on rare occasions. In a recent T. evansi outbreak in mainland Spain, several atypical forms were observed in blood smear examinations. Molecular procedures were then necessary to confirm the causal agent. Morphological and biometric measures were taken to characterize the different forms of T. evansi. In contrast to published information, the results of this study would indicate that biometrically distinct T. evansi could also be found in the same farm and even in the same animal species. These data could be useful for many trypanosomes endemic areas of the world where molecular methods are not commonly available. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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