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Sent on Tuesday, 2011 Aug 16Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2011 Aug 12. [Epub ahead of print]Methods incorporating a polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism and their use as a 'gold standard' in diagnosing Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis.Azmi K, Nasereddin A, Ereqat S, Schnur L, Schonian G, Abdeen Z.SourceAl-Quds Nutrition and Health Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Abu-Deis, P.O. Box 20760, West Bank, Palestinian Authority; Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Dorotheenstr. 96, D- 10098 Berlin, Germany. AbstractThree polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays - kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) PCR, 7SL PCR, ITS1 PCR - were compared for their ability to detect leishmanial parasites in the skin tissue aspirates of 212 Palestinian suspect cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). The kDNA PCR was the most sensitive, detecting 156/170 (91.8%) of positive samples confirmed by a set 'gold standard' but of poor specificity in identifying the species of Leishmania. The 7SL PCR detected 154/170 (90.5%) and the ITS1 PCR only 108/170 (63.5%) of the true positives, and both were 100% specific. The highest Kappa coefficient agreement (95% CI) was obtained with the 7SL PCR (0.792 ± 0.098). Restriction analysis of the products from the ITS1 PCR and 7SL PCR enabled identification of species of Leishmania. L. tropica was the predominant cause of CL, with L. major being less frequent. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
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| 2. | Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011 Jul 23. [Epub ahead of print]Activation and inhibition of CTP synthase from Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of African sleeping sickness.Steeves CH, Bearne SL.SourceDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4R2. AbstractCTP Synthase from Trypanosoma brucei (TbCTPS) catalyzes the conversion of UTP to CTP and is a recognized target for the development of antiprotozoal agents. GTP activates glutamine-dependent CTP formation catalyzed by TbCTPS at concentrations below 0.2mM, but inhibits this activity at concentrations above 0.2mM. TbCTPS catalyzes ammonia-dependent CTP formation, which is inhibited by purine derivatives such as GTP, guanosine, caffeine, and uric acid with IC(50) values of 460, 380, 480, and 100μM, respectively. These observations suggest that the purine ring may serve as a useful scaffold for the development of inhibitors of trypanosomal CTP synthase. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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| 3. | Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2011 Aug 11. [Epub ahead of print]Mechanisms of immunity t o Leishmania major infection in mice: The contribution of DNA vaccines coding for two novel sets of histones (H2A-H2B or H3-H4).Carrión J.SourceDepartment of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. AbstractThe immune phenotype conferred by two different sets of histone genes (H2A-H2B or H3-H4) was assessed. BALB/c mice vaccinated with pcDNA3H2AH2B succumbed to progressive cutaneous leishmaniosis (CL), whereas vaccination with pcDNA3H3H4 resulted in partial resistance to Leishmania major challenge associated with the development of mixed T helper 1 (Th1)/Th2-type response and a reduction in parasite-specific Treg cells number at the site of infection. Therefore, the presence of histones H3 and H4 may be considered essential in the development of vaccine strategies against CL based on the Leishmania histones. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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| 4. | J Immunol Methods. 2011 Jun 30;369(1-2):22-32. Epub 2011 Apr 6.Applicability of an optimized non-con ventional flow cytometry method to detect anti-Trypanosoma cruzi immunoglobulin G for the serological diagnosis and cure assessment following chemotherapeutic treatment of Chagas disease.Matos CS, Coelho-Dos-Reis JG, Rassi A, Luquetti AO, Dias JC, Eloi-Santos SM, Gomes IT, Vitelli-Avelar DM, Wendling AP, Rocha RD, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Peruhype-Magalhães V, Andrade MC, Martins-Filho OA.SourceLaboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, CPqRR-FIOCRUZ/Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. AbstractOne of the challenges on immunodiagnostic of Chagas disease in endemic areas has been the search for more practical and safe antigenic preparation that provides tests with higher sensitivity and specificity, with low cross-reactivity. A new approach using fixed Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes to detect IgG reactivity was investigated previously. In order to continue this investigation, this study aimed at optimizing the flow cytometry-based method to the diagnosis of Chagas disease patients after specific chemotherapy. To achieve our goal, serum samples from 93 subjects - 52 adults chronically infected by T. cruzi, and 41 uninfected controls were tested by flow cytometry. Secondly, serum samples from patients Treated Cured and Treated Uncured from Chagas disease were also tested to evaluate the potential of the method on assessing cure. After establishing the ideal serum dilution and cut off, 121 serum samples from patients with other endemic infections were tested to check cross-reactivity. The results showed that parasite staining with Evan's blue dye eliminated debris, allowing trustworthy analysis of anti-fixed epimastigote IgG reactivity. The applicability of the method to diagnose Chagas disease was confirmed by the high sensitivity (98.1%) and specificity (100%) found. This method also contributed for post-therapeutic assessment of cure, identifying 94.1% of Treated Uncured and 83.3% of Treated Cured patients. Cross-reactivity was observed in a very low number (6.7%). On the whole, these data highly recommend the use of anti-fixed T. cruzi epimastigote IgG reactivity by flow cytometry to the diagnosis and cure monitoring of Chagas disease in endemic areas. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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| 5. | Immunotherapy. 2011 Apr;3(4):577-83.Maternal immunization with actinomycetales immunomodulators reduces parasitemias in offspring chall enged with Trypanosoma cruzi.Davila H, Didoli G, Bottasso O, Stanford J.SourceInstituto de Inmunologia, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, Rosario, Argentina. AbstractThis article describes the first use of heat-killed, borate-buffered preparations of aerobic actinomycetales to immunize pregnant animals in order to determine the effect on their pregnancy and fertility and the survival coefficients of their offspring. Pregnant rats received three injections of Gordonia bronchialis, Rhodococcus coprophylus or physiological saline and a proportion of their offspring were challenged with live Trypanosoma cruzi at the time of weaning. Levels of parasitemia and, in some animals, of the cytokines IFN-γ and IL-10 were measured. The progress of pregnancy, fertility and survival of offspring were unaffected by the maternal immunizations. The offspring of rats immunized with G. bronchialis displayed significantly reduced parasitemias, with increased levels of IFN-γ and reduced levels of IL-10, 4 days after challenge. The offspring of rats immunized with R. coprophylus displayed greater parasitemias than did those of the control group. These unexpected results are discussed and their causation considered. |
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| 6. | Parasitol Int. 2011 Jun;60(2):161-9. Epub 2011 Jan 28.Development of a dual reporter system to ide ntify regulatory cis-acting elements in untranslated regions of Trypanosoma cruzi mRNAs.Araújo PR, Burle-Caldas GA, Silva-Pereira RA, Bartholomeu DC, Darocha WD, Teixeira SM.SourceDepartamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. AbstractIn trypanosomatids, transcription is polycistronic and gene expression control occurs mainly at the post-transcriptional level. To investigate the role of sequences present in the 3'UTR of stage-specific mRNAs of Trypanosoma cruzi, we generated a new vector, named pTcDUALuc, containing the firefly and Renilla luciferase reporter genes. To test this vector, sequences derived from the 3'UTR plus intergenic regions of the alpha tubulin gene, which is up-regulated in epimastigotes, and amastin, which is up-regulated in amastigotes, were inserted downstream from the firefly reporter gene and luciferase activity was compared in transient and stable transfected parasites. As expected, increased luciferase activity was detected in epimastigotes transiently transfected with pTcDUALuc containing tubulin sequences. Using stable transfected cell lines that were allowed to differentiate into amastigotes, we observed increased luciferase activity and mRNA levels in amastigotes transfected with pTcDUALuc containing amastin sequences. We also showed that the spliced leader sequence and poly-A tail were inserted in the predicted sites of the firefly luciferase mRNA and that deletions in the alpha tubulin 3'UTR resulted in decreased luciferase expression because it affects polyadenylation. In contrast to the constructs containing 3'UTR sequences derived from tubulin and amastin genes, the presence of the 3'UTR from a trans-sialidase gene, whose expression is higher in trypomastigotes, resulted in increased luciferase activity in trypomastigotes without a corresponding increase in luciferase mRNA levels. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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