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Sent on Wednesday, 2011 Aug 17Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | J Trop Med. 2012;2012:541571. Epub 2011 Aug 9.Cytokine and Phenotypic Cell Profiles of Leishmania infantum Infection in the Dog.Maia C, Campino L.SourceUnidade de Parasitologia Médica, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal. AbstractLeishmaniasis has reemerged in recent years showing a wider geographic distribution and increased global incidence of human and canine disease than previously known. Dogs are the main domestic/peridomestic reservoir hosts of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum. Since the evolution of leishmaniasis and clinical appearance is a consequence of complex interactions between the parasite and host immune response, a profound knowledge about the immune profile developed in dog's infection is crucial for vaccine and immunomodulatory therapy design. The main goal of this paper is to compile the recent advances made on cytokine and phenotypic cell profiles in different tissues and organs of dogs infected with L. infantum. This paper also stressed that the knowledge of the immune responses developed, namely, in liver, lymph node, and spleen is very limited. All data emphasizes that more research on canine leishmaniasis is necessary for the development of new and efficacious tools to control zoonotic leishmaniasis. |
| 2. | Phytochemistry. 2011 Aug 13. [Epub ahead of print]In vitro antitrypanosomal activity of plant terpenes against Trypanosoma brucei.Otoguro K, Iwatsuki M, Ishiyama A, Namatame M, Nishihara-Tukashima A, Kiyohara H, Hashimoto T, Asakawa Y, Omura S, Yamada H.SourceResearch Center for Tropical Diseases, Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan. AbstractDuring the course of screening to discover antitrypanosomal compounds, 24 known plant terpenes (6 sesquiterpenes, 14 sesquiterpene lactones and 4 diterpenes) were evaluated for in vitro antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Among them, 22 terpenes exhibited antitrypanosomal activity. In particular, α-eudesmol, hinesol, nardosinone and 4-peroxy-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-α-santonin all exhibited selective and potent antitrypanosomal activities in vitro. Detailed here in an in vitro antitrypanosomal properties and cytotoxicities of the 24 terpenes compared with two therapeutic antitrypanosomal drugs (eflornithine and suramin). This finding represents the first report of promising trypanocidal activity of these terpenes. Present results also provide some valuable insight with regard to structure-activity relationships and the possible mode of action of the compounds. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| 3. | Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 May 21;47(19):5425-7. Epub 2011 Apr 5.Chemoenzymatic synthesis of sialooligosaccharides on arrays for studies of cell surface adhesion.Šardzík R, Sharma R, Kaloo S, Voglmeir J, Crocker PR, Flitsch SL.SourceManchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre & School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK. AbstractSialooligosaccharides were generated by direct enzymatic glycosylation on arrays and the resulting surfaces were suitable for the study of carbohydrate-specific cell adhesion. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 |
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| 4. | Am J Transplant. 2011 Apr;11(4):848-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03436.x. Epub 2011 Mar 22.Organ donor screening practices for Trypanosoma cruzi infection amo ng US Organ Procurement Organizations.Schwartz BS, Paster M, Ison MG, Chin-Hong PV.SourceDivision of Infectious Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. brian.schwartz@ucsf.edu AbstractDonor-derived Trypanosoma cruzi infection in solid organ transplant recipients is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Little is known about T. cruzi screening practices among U.S. organ procurement organizations (OPOs). We distributed a questionnaire to all U.S. OPO directors, requesting data on T. cruzi screening strategies, laboratory methods, number of donors screened, disposition of organs from positive donors and attitudes toward screening. Fifty-eight (100%) U.S. OPOs responded to the survey. Donor screening began in 2002 and is presently performed by 11 (19%) OPOs. Among screening OPOs, four screen all donors and seven use a risk-based strategy. Three different T. cruzi serology tests are used for donor screening. During 2008, 9/993 (0.9%) donors screened positive by a T. cruzi screening test, 6/9 (66%) had confirmatory tests performed and 4/6 (66%) had positive confirmatory tests. These results led to the nonuse of five donors and 17 organs. Five organs from three seropositive donors were transplanted in 2008 without recognized disease transmission. Variability of T. cruzi donor screening strategies, laboratory methods and disposition of organs from positive donors currently exists. Further research is needed to identify the risk of donor-derived T. cruzi infections to help inform the best screening strategy. ©2011 The Authors Journal compilation©2011 The American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons. |
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| 5. | Am J Transplant. 2011 Apr;11(4):672-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03444.x. Epub 2011 Mar 14.Screening and treatment of chagas disease in organ transplant recipients in the United States: recommendations from the chagas in transplant working group.Chin-Hong PV, Schwartz BS, Bern C, Montgomery SP, Kontak S, Kubak B, Morris MI, Nowicki M, Wright C, Ison MG.SourceDivision of Infectious Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. phong@php.ucsf.edu AbstractDonor-derived transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, has emerged as an issue in the United States over the past 10 years. Acute T. cruzi infection causes substantial morbidity and mortality in the posttransplant setting if not recognized and treated early. We assembled a working group of transplant infectious disease specialists, laboratory medicine specialists, organ procurement organization representatives and epidemiologists with expertise in Chagas disease. Based on review of published and unpublished data, the working group prepared evidence-based recommendations for donor screening, and follow-up testing and treatment of recipients of organs from infected donors. We advise targeted T. cruzi screening of potential donors born in Mexico, Central America and South America. Programs can consider transplantation of kidneys and livers from T. cruzi-infected donors with informed consent from recipients. However, we recommend against heart transplantation from infected donors. For other organs, we recommend caution based on the anticipated degree of immunosuppression. Our recommendations stress the need for systematic monitoring of recipients by polymerase chain reaction, and microscopy of buffy coat and advance planning for immediate antitrypanosomal treatment if recipient infection is detected. Data on management and outcomes of all cases should be collected to inform future guidelines and to assist in coordination with public health authorities. ©2011 The Authors Journal compilation©2011 The American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons. |
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| 6. | FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2011 Jun;76(3):504-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01067.x. Epub 2011 Mar 1.In sit u grazing resistance of Vibrio cholerae in the marine environment.Erken M, Weitere M, Kjelleberg S, McDougald D.SourceCentre for Marine Bio-Innovation and School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. AbstractPrevious laboratory experiments revealed that Vibrio cholerae A1552 biofilms secrete an antiprotozoal factor that prevents Rhynchomonas nasuta from growing and thus prevents grazing losses. The antiprotozoal factor is regulated by the quorum-sensing response regulator, HapR. Here, we investigate whether the antiprotozoal activity is ecologically relevant. Experiments were conducted in the field as well as under field-like conditions in the laboratory to assess the grazing resistance of V. cholerae A1552 and N16961 (natural frameshift mutation in hapR) biofilms to R. nasuta and Cafeteria roenbergensis. In laboratory experiments exposing the predators to V. cholerae grown in seawater containing high and low glucose concentrations, we determined that V. cholerae biofilms showed increased resistance towards grazing by both predators as glucose levels decreased. The relative resistance of the V. cholerae strains to the grazers under semi-field conditions was similar to that observed in situ. Therefore, the antipredator defense is environmentally relevant and not lost when biofilms are grown in an open system in the marine environment. The hapR mutant still exhibited some resistance to both predators and this suggests that V. cholerae may coordinate antipredator defenses by a combination of density-dependent regulation and environmental sensing to protect itself from predators in its natural habitat. © 2011 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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| 7. | Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2011 Feb;104(1):90-2. Epub 2010 Nov 19.Tsetse fly control and trypanosomiasis in Africa, quo vadis?Dräger N.AbstractNational and international efforts to eradicate tsetse fly-borne human and animal trypanosomiasis are critically evaluated, and possible reasons for their failure in many cases are discussed. Some formerly performed campaigns in specific areas with positive results cannot be taken as examples to solve the main problems. In future, a significant reduction of trypanosomiasis cases will be possible to achieve only if a concerted long-term Pan-African approach, based on financial security, the continuity of expert staff, and a well-planned, ecologically sound land use, is generally accepted. |
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