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Sent on Tuesday, 2011 Aug 30Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2011 Aug 27. [Epub ahead of print][Leishmania infantum MON-1 isolated from a golden jackal (Canis aureus) in Grande Kabylie (Algeria).] [Article in French] Bessad A, Mouloua K, Kherrachi I, Benbetka S, Benikhlef R, Mezai G, Harrat Z.SourceInstitut des sciences vétérinaires, université Saad-Dahleb de Blida, BP 270, 09000, Blida, Algérie, socpatex@pasteur.fr. AbstractIn the north of Algeria, Leishmania infantum is responsible for two clinical forms of leishmaniasis: visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis, for which dogs are the only proven reservoir host. In this study, the authors report, for the first time, the isolation of L. Infantum from a golden jackal (Canis aureus) trapped in the Illoulen ou Malou region (Grande Kabylie). Two isolates were thus obtained from bone marrow and spleen and were identified by starch gel isoenzyme electrophoresis as L. Infantum MON-1, the widespread zymodeme in the north of the country. Leishmania parasites have also been detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the biopsy of the spleen. The golden jackal, a prevalent wild canid in Northern Africa, could play a predominant role in the sylvatic foci of leishmaniasis and in the dissemination of the parasite in this region. |
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| 2. | Arch Pediatr. 2011 Aug 27. [Epub ahead of print][Congenital human African trypanosomiasis: An observation at the University Hospital of Brazzaville (Congo).] [Article in French] Oba A, Gahtse A, Ekouya Bowassa G, Nika E, Obengui.SourceService de néonatologie, CHU de Brazzaville, BP 32, Brazzaville, Congo. |
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| 3. | Infect Genet Evol. 2011 Aug 17. [Epub ahead of print]Multilocus genotyping reveals a polyphyletic pattern among naturally antimony-resistant Leishmania braziliensis isolates from Peru.Adaui V, Maes I, Huyse T, Van den Broeck F, Talledo M, Kuhls K, De Doncker S, Maes L, Llanos-Cuentas A, Schönian G, Arevalo J, Dujardin JC.SourceInstituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of Parasitology, Unit of Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium. AbstractIn order to understand the epidemiological dynamics of antimonial (Sb(V)) resistance in zoonotic tegumentary leishmaniasis and its link with treatment outcome, we analyzed the population structure of 24 Peruvian Leishmania braziliensis clinical isolates with known in vitro antimony susceptibility and clinical phenotype by multilocus microsatellite typing (14 microsatellite loci). The genetic variability in the Peruvian isolates was high and the multilocus genotypes were strongly differentiated from each other. No correlation was found between the genotypes and in vitro drug susceptibility or clinical treatment outcome. The finding of a polyphyletic pattern among the Sb(V)-resistant L. braziliensis might be explained by (i) independent events of drug resistance emergence, (ii) sexual recombination and/or (iii) other phenomena mimicking recombination signals. Interestingly, the polyphyletic pattern observed here is very similar to the one we observed in the anthroponotic Leishmania donovani (Laurent et al., 2007), hereby questioning the role of transmission and/or chemotherapeutic drug pressure in the observed population structure. Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier B.V. |
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| 4. | Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2011 Jun;105(4):319-23.The PCR-based detection of Leishmania major in Mus musculus and other rodents caught in so uthern Iran: a guide to sample selection.Parhizkari M, Motazedian MH, Asqari Q, Mehrabani D.SourceSchool of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1735, Shiraz, Iran. |
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| 5. | Parasit Vectors. 2011 Aug 26;4(1):166. [Epub ahead of print]Identification of the HSP70-II gene in Leishmania braziliensis HSP70 locus: genomic organization and UTRs characterization.Ramirez CA, Requena JM, Puerta CJ.AbstractABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The heat stress suffered by Leishmania sp during its digenetic life-cycle is a key trigger for its stage differentiation. In Leishmania subgenera two classes of HSP70 genes differing in their 3' UTR were described. Although the presence of HSP70-I genes was previously suggested in Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, HSP70-II genes had been reluctant to be uncovered. RESULTS:Here, we report the existence of two types of HSP70 genes in L. braziliensis and the genomic organization of the HSP70 locus. RT-PCR experiments were used to map the untranslated regions (UTR) of both types of genes. The 3' UTR-II has a low sequence identity (55-57%) when compared with this region in other Leishmania species. In contrast, the 5' UTR, common to both types of genes, and the 3' UTR-I were found to be highly conserved among all Leishmania species (77-81%). Southern blot assays suggested that L. braziliensis HSP70 gene cluster may contain around 6 tandemly-repeated HSP70-I genes followed by one HSP70-II gene, located at chromosome 28. Northern blot analysis indicated that levels of both types of mRNAs are not affected by heat shock. CONCLUSIONS:This study has led to establishing the composition and structure of the HSP70 locus of L. braziliensis, complementing the information available in the GeneDB genome database for this species. L. braziliensis HSP70 gene regulation does not seem to operate by mRNA stabilization as occurs in other Leishmania species. |
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| 6. | Med Trop (Mars). 2011 Jun;71(3):312.[Trends in incidence of cutaneous leishmaniaisis from 1999 to 2005 in Ouagadougou, Burkina]. [Article in French] Bamba S, Gouba A, Drabo KM, Nezien D, Bougoum M, Guiguemdé TR.AbstractThe purpose of this study is to describe trends in the annual incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ouagadougou, Burkina from 1999 to 2005. Data recorded at city health care centers were reviewed. A total of 7,444 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis were observed, with an annual mean incidence of 1,063.3 +/- 270.8 cases. The M/F sex ratio was 0.9. Mean patient age was 22.8 +/- 13.5 years. Patients older than 15 years accounted for 72.5% of the population. The predominant age bracket was 16-30 years (51.80%).A decrease in incidence was observed from March to June and in December. Peak incidence occurred in September and October. Over the 7-year study period, the average incidence rate was 0.1% +/- 0.04. Since this rate does not reflect the real prevalence of the disease, a prospective study is needed. |
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| 7. | Med Vet Entomol. 2011 Jun;25(2):192-201. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2010.00942.x. Epub 2011 Jan 30.Shoo fly, don't bother me! Efficacy of traditional methods of protecting cattle from tsetse.Torr SJ, Mangwiro TN, Hall DR.SourceAgriculture, Health and Environment Department, Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, UK. s.torr@gre.ac.uk AbstractStudies were made of the efficacy of using smoke and housing to protect cattle from tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae) in Zimbabwe. The efficacy of smoke was assessed by its effect on catches in Epsilon traps baited with a blend of acetone, 1-octen-3-ol, 4-methylphenol and 3-n-propylphenol. The efficacies of different types of kraal (enclosure) were gauged according to the catches of electrocuting targets (E-targets), baited with natural ox odour, placed within various designs of kraal. Smoke from burning wood (Colophospermum mopane) or dried cow dung reduced the catch of traps by approximately 50-90%. Kraals with a continuous wooden or netting wall, 1.5 m high, reduced catches of E-targets by approximately 75%. Arrangements of electric nets were used to assess the numbers of tsetse attacking live cattle within kraals and/or near sources of smoke. The results confirmed findings with traps and E-targets: kraals reduced the numbers of tsetse that fed by approximately 80% and smoke reduced the numbers attracted by approximately 70%; the use of both reduced overall attack rates by approximately 90%. The inclusion of 4-methylguaiacol, a known repellent for tsetse and a natural component of wood smoke, halved the catches of traps and E-targets and the numbers of tsetse attacking cattle. The practical benefits and difficulties of using repellents and/or housing to manage trypanosomiases are discussed. |
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