What's new for 'Trypanosomatids' in PubMed

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Sent on Thursday, 2011 Oct 27
Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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PubMed Results

Items 1 - 3 of 3

1.	PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Oct;5(10):e1360. Epub 2011 Oct 18. Is the even distribution of insecticide-treated cattle essential for tsetse control? Modelling the impact of baits in heterogeneous environments. Torr SJ, Vale GA. Source Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, London, United Kingdom. Abstract BACKGROUND: Eliminating Rhodesian sleeping sickness, the zoonotic form of Human African Trypanosomiasis, can be achieved only through interventions against the vectors, species of tsetse (Glossina). The use of insecticide-treated cattle is the most cost-effective method of controlling tsetse but its impact might be compromised by the patchy distribution of livestock. A deterministic simulation model was used to analyse the effects of spatial heterogeneities in habitat and baits (insecticide-treated cattle and targets) on the distribution and abundance of tsetse. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The simulated area comprised an operational block extending 32 km from an area of good habitat from which tsetse might invade. Within the operational block, habitat comprised good areas mixed with poor ones where survival probabilities and population densities were lower. In good habitat, the natural daily mortalities of adults averaged 6.14% for males and 3.07% for females; the population grew 8.4× in a year following a 90% reduction in densities of adults and pupae, but expired when the population density of males was reduced to <0.1/km(2); daily movement of adults averaged 249 m for males and 367 m for females. Baits were placed throughout the operational area, or patchily to simulate uneven distributions of cattle and targets. Gaps of 2-3 km between baits were inconsequential provided the average imposed mortality per km(2) across the entire operational area was maintained. Leaving gaps 5-7 km wide inside an area where baits killed 10% per day delayed effective control by 4-11 years. Corrective measures that put a few baits within the gaps were more effective than deploying extra baits on the edges. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The uneven distribution of cattle within settled areas is unlikely to compromise the impact of insecticide-treated cattle on tsetse. However, where areas of >3 km wide are cattle-free then insecticide-treated targets should be deployed to compensate for the lack of cattle.
	PMID: 22028944 [PubMed - in process]

2.	Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2011 Oct 19. [Epub ahead of print] Metabolomic analysis of trypanosomatid protozoa. Creek D, Anderson J, McConville MJ, Barrett MP. Source Wellcome Trust Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom(1); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia. Abstract Metabolomics aims to measure all low molecular weight chemicals within a given system in a manner analogous to transcriptomics, proteomics and genomics. In this review we highlight metabolomics approaches that are currently being applied to the kinetoplastid parasites, Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania spp. The use of untargeted metabolomics approaches, made possible through advances in mass spectrometry and informatics, and stable isotope labelling has increased our understanding of the metabolism in these organisms beyond the views established using classical biochemical approaches. Set within the context of metabolic networks, predicted using genome-wide reconstructions of metabolism, new hypothesises on how to target aspects of metabolism to design new drugs against these protozoa are emerging. Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier B.V.
	PMID: 22027026 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

3.	Carbohydr Res. 2011 Sep 6;346(12):1389-93. Epub 2011 Apr 8. Trans-sialidase and mucins of Trypanosoma cruzi: an important interplay for the parasite. Eugenia Giorgi M, de Lederkremer RM. Source CIHIDECAR, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina. Abstract A dense glycocalix covers the surface of Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease. Sialic acid in the surface of the parasite plays an important role in the infectious process, however, T. cruzi is unable to synthesize sialic acid or the usual donor CMP-sialic acid. Instead, T. cruzi expresses a unique enzyme, the trans-sialidase (TcTS) involved in the transfer of sialic acid from host glycoconjugates to mucins of the parasite. The mucins are the major glycoproteins in the insect stage epimastigotes and in the infective trypomastigotes. Both, the mucins and the TcTS are anchored to the plasma membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. Thus, TcTS may be shed into the bloodstream of the mammal host by the action of a parasite phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C, affecting the immune system. The composition and structure of the sugars in the parasite mucins is characteristic of each differentiation stage, also, interstrain variations were described for epimastigote mucins. This review focus on the characteristics of the interplay between the trans-sialidase and the mucins of T. cruzi and summarizes the known carbohydrate structures of the mucins. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
	PMID: 21645882 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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