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Sent on Friday, 2011 Oct 28Search kinetoplastids OR kinetoplastid OR Kinetoplastida OR "trypanosoma brucei" OR leishmania OR brucei OR leishmaniasis OR "African trypanosomiasis"
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| PubMed Results |
| 1. | Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2011 Oct;44(5):567-71.Leishmanicidal activity and cytotoxicity of compounds from two Annonacea species cultivated in Northeastern Brazil.Vila-Nova NS, Morais SM, Falcão MJ, Machado LK, Beviláqua CM, Costa IR, Brasil NV, Andrade Júnior HF.SourcePrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE. AbstractINTRODUCTION:Visceral leishmaniasis is endemic in 88 countries, with a total of 12 million people infected and 350 million at risk. In the search for new leishmanicidal agents, alkaloids and acetogenins isolated from leaves of Annona squamosa and seeds of Annona muricata were tested against promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania chagasi. METHODS:Methanol-water (80:20) extracts of A. squamosa leaves and A. muricata seeds were extracted with 10% phosphoric acid and organic solvents to obtain the alkaloid and acetogenin-rich extracts. These extracts were chromatographed on a silica gel column and eluted with a mixture of several solvents in crescent order of polarity. The compounds were identified by spectroscopic analysis. The isolated compounds were tested against Leishmania chagasi, which is responsible for American visceral leishmaniasis, using the MTT test assay. The cytotoxicity assay was evaluated for all isolated compounds, and for this assay, RAW 264.7 cells were used. RESULTS:O-methylarmepavine, a benzylisoquinolinic alkaloid, and a C37 trihydroxy adjacent bistetrahydrofuran acetogenin were isolated from A. squamosa, while two acetogenins, annonacinone and corossolone, were isolated from A. muricata. Against promastigotes, the alkaloid showed an IC50 of 23.3 µg/mL, and the acetogenins showed an IC50 ranging from 25.9 to 37.6 µg/mL; in the amastigote assay, the IC50 values ranged from 13.5 to 28.7 µg/mL. The cytotoxicity assay showed results ranging from 43.5 to 79.9 µg/mL. CONCLUSIONS:These results characterize A. squamosa and A. muricata as potential sources of leishmanicidal agents. Plants from Annonaceae are rich sources of natural compounds and an important tool in the search for new leishmanicidal therapies. |
| 2. | Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2011 Oct;44(5):561-6.Epidemiological aspects of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis in Montes Claros, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, between 2007 and 2009.Prado PF, Rocha MF, Sousa JF, Caldeira DI, Paz GF, Dias ES.SourcePrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG. AbstractINTRODUCTION:Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an expanding zoonosis in Brazil and is becoming urbanized in several Brazilian regions. This study aims to describe the epidemiological features of human and canine VL in the municipality of Montes Claros, State of Minas Gerais, by focusing on their spatial distribution. METHODS:Data concerning human cases and reactive dogs for VL from 2007 to 2009 were obtained from the Information System for Disease Notification (SINAN) and from reports of the local Centro de Controle de Zoonoses (CCZ), respectively. The addresses of human and canine cases have been georeferenced and localized in thematic maps, allowing their spatial visualization as well as the identification of areas at risk of VL transmission. RESULTS:Ninety-five cases of human VL were reported in the period. The 0-9-year-old age group (48.4%) was the most affected, within which the majority consisted of male patients (64%). Of the samples collected for the canine serological survey, 2,919 (6.3%) were reactive to VL. The spatial localization of these cases shows that the disease was scattered in the urban area of the municipality. Areas showing a higher dissemination risk were concentrated in the central, northwestern, and southern regions of the city. CONCLUSIONS:Identifying the areas most at risk in urban Montes Claros may help guide actions toward local epidemiological vigilance and control. |
| 3. | J Vector Borne Dis. 2011 Jun;48(2):122-3.Trypanosomiasis in an infant from India.Shah I, Ali US, Andankar P, Joshi RR.SourceDepartment of Pediatrics, B.J.Wadia Hospital for Children, Parel, Mumbai, India. irashah@pediatriconcall.com |
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| 4. | J Vector Borne Dis. 2011 Jun;48(2):105-8.Mass-treatment and insecticide-spraying of animal reservoirs for emergency control of Rhodesiense sleeping sickness in Uganda.Magona JW, Walubengo J.SourceNational Livestock Resources Research Institute, Tororo, Uganda. magona.joseph@gmail.com |
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| 5. | Micron. 2011 Aug;42(6):553-9. Epub 2011 Feb 21.The structure of the kinetoplast DNA network of Crithidia fasciculata revealed by atomic force microscopy.Cavalcanti DP, Gonçalves DL, Costa LT, de Souza W.SourceLaboratório de Biotecnologia, Diretoria de Programa, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normalização e Qualidade Industrial, Inmetro, RJ, Brazil. dpcavalcanti@inmetro.gov.br AbstractDNA is the biopolymer most studied by scanning probe methods, and it is now possible to obtain reliable and reproducible images of DNA using atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM has been extensively used to elucidate morphological changes to DNA structure, such as the formation of knots, nicks, supercoiling and bends. The mitochondrial or kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) of trypanosomatids is the most unusual DNA found in nature, being unique in organization and replication. The kDNA is composed of thousands of topologically interlocked DNA circles that form a giant network. To understand the biological significance of the kinetoplast DNA, it is necessary to learn more about its structure. In the present work, we used two procedures to prepare kDNA networks of Crithidia fasciculata for observation by AFM. Because AFM allows for the examination of kDNA at high resolution, we were able to identify regions of overlapping kDNA molecules and sites where several molecules cross. This found support the earlier described kDNA structural organization as composed by interlocked circles. We also observed an intricate high-density height pattern around the periphery of the network of C. fasciculata, which appears to be a bundle of DNA fibers that organizes the border of the network. Our present data confirm that AFM is a powerful tool to study the structural organization of biological samples, including complex arrays of DNA such as kDNA, and can be useful in revealing new details of structures previously visualized by other means. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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